[293] 



SCIENTIFIC MANUAL. 



that of chlorine is CLf hence the symbol of the acid is HCL 

 Very often one part, by weight, of an element unites with two 

 or more parts of another. This is expressed by a figure 

 placed at the right and a little below the symbol. For in- 

 stance, H 2 SO 4 represents sulphuric acid of commerce, 

 which is composed of two parts of hydrogen, one of sul- 

 phur, and four of oxygen. 



Below is a list of elements of the most practical value. 



The list embraces the most important elements to be 

 considered in this work. The symbol of each is given : 



NON- METALLIC ELEMENTS. 



f H y drogen H 



| Oxygen O 



Gases. <{ Nitrogen N 



| Chlorine Cl 



^Fluorine F 



Liquid Bromine.. Br 



f Iodine ..I 



I Sulphur S 



Solids. I Phosphorus P 



j Carbon C 



| Silicon ...Si 



Boron B 



METALLIC. 



Alkaline, 



f Potassium K 



\ Sodium Na 



Calcium Ca 



Magnesium... Mg 



Aluminum Al 



Barium Ba 



Strontium Sr 



Arsenic As 



Antimony Sb 



Chromium Cr 



Cobalt Cr 



Copper Cu 



Gold... ...Au 



Iron Fe 



Lead ." Pb 



Manganese... 1 Mn 



Mercury Hg 



Nickel Ni 



Platinum PI 



Silver Ag 



Tin Sn 



Titanium ..Ti 



Uranium , Ur 



Zinc Zn 



In order that the reader may fully understand what is 

 contained in this work, it is proper to define some of 

 the terms which must necessarily be used in its progress. 



An Experiment is a trial made under certain conditions to 

 determine facts. 



Analysis is the process of determining the composition 

 of substances, 



