160 FARM AND SCHOOL PROBLEMS. 



4. Acid phosphate, 10 Ib. ; Potash, 2 Ib. 



5. Check 



6. Nitrate, 2 Ib.; Dried blood, 3 Ib.; Acid phosphate, 10 Ib. ; Potash, 

 2 Ib. 



7. Same as VI, plus lime, 12 to 25 Ib. 



8. Manure, 400 Ib. 



9. Check. 



This test should be located in a typical part of the orchard, 

 and should include not less than 9 average trees of the same 

 variety and age, in each plat. All the trees should be labeled 

 and carefully measured at a fixed point on the trunk, and definite 

 records of their growth and yields should be kept for at least 3 

 years. Frequently, good indications of the orchard's needs may 

 be obtained in less time than this, but at least this amount of 

 time should be allowed and more if necessary. 



The same time and methods of application should be fol- 

 lowed as described above. The materials are indicated here in 

 amounts per bearing tree and the same proportionate reductions 

 should be made for younger trees. If only a third of the ground 

 is to be covered, then only about a third of these amounts should 

 be used. 



In observing results, notice effects on color of leaves; on 

 size of fruit; on twig growth. 



Nitrogen produces strong wood growth which is desirable in 

 old trees that are not vigorous. Too much nitrogen produces 

 wood at the expense of buds and fruit. 



Potash and phosphoric effects are found to a considerable 

 extent in the leaves and fruit. 



Remember. 



A tree needs food and must have a balanced ration to pro- 

 duce the maximum crop of fruit. 



Experiments. 



Pear trees propagated by budding the pear upon quince 

 stock are known as dwarfs. 



The Angers variety of quince are principally used for this 

 purpose. 



