CATTLE. 245 



The Mills-Reincke phenomenon, which has been given a 

 mathematical equivalent by Hazen's theorem is "When one death 

 from typhoid fever has been avoided by the use of better water, 

 a certain number of deaths, probably two to three have been 

 avoided from other causes." Sedgewick and McNutt have 

 demonstrated this theorem to be sound and conservative. 



The following are important facts that will show the danger 

 and the importance of extreme care in the use of water, milk, and 

 in the disinfecting of buildings that have been infected. 



1 . Tubercle bacilli will live for more than a year in running water. 



2. Tubercle bacilli will live in cold storage butter more than ten 

 months. 



3. Bovine tubercle bacilli in manure in a garden soil, have been 

 known to live 213 days. 



4. Bovine tubercle bacilli in the tissue of a dead guinea pig have 

 been know to live 77 days. 



5. Human tubercle bacilli lived in a flower pot 441 days. 



6. Human tubercle bacilli in sputum lived 232 days. 



7. Human, bovine and avian tubercle bacilli exposed to the direct 

 sunlight die in from one to four minutes. 



Warning. 



Hang your pails, glass jars, and all other utensils used in 

 the dairy industry, where the rays of ,the sun will fall directly 

 upon them. These rays will sterilize them and preserve health 

 and promote the happiness and prosperity of your patrons as 

 well as that of your own family. 



TYPHOID FEVER GERMS. 



A committee appointed by the Medical Society of the District 

 of Columbia made an investigation of the causes of typhoid fever 

 in the city of Washington and reported that its occurrence was 

 traceable to the following responsible factors: 



1. Potomac water supply. 



2. Pollution of the soil with leakage from privies. 



3. From defective sewers. 



4 . Racking up of sewage from tidal movements. 



5. Drinking of well or pump water, 

 fi. Drinking contaminated milk. 



