xvi LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



KIG. 



PAOK 



980. Columba livia, muscles of wing 367 



981. ,, ,, dissection from right side .... 369 



982. ,, ,, lungs and trachea 370 



983. Diagram of air-sacs of a Bird 372 



984. Columba livia, heart 373 



985. ,, ,, vascular system % 375 



986. ,, ,, brain 376 



987. ,, ,, dissections of brain 377 



988. eye 378 



989. ,, ,, auditory organ 379 



990. , , , , urinogenital organs, male 380 



991. ,, ,, ,, ,, female 380 



992. Apteryx australis 384 



993. Hesperornis regalis, skeleton 385 



994. Ichthyornis victor ^^^: ^86 



995. Eudyptes antipodum Mk . . 387 



996. Archseopteryx lithographica ^^fi . , 390 



997. ,, ,, skull 391 



998. ,, ,, manus 391 



999. Opisthocomus and Apteryx, wings 393 



1000. Gypaetos and Ardea, pterylosis 394 



1001. Casuarius, feather 395 



1002. Gallus, Turdus, Vultur, Procellaria, and Casuarius, sterna . . 397 

 1002 bis. Eudyptes pachyrhynchus, skeleton 398 



1003. Apteryx mantelli, skull of young specimen, side view . . . 399 



1004. ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, dorsal view . . 400 



1005. Anas boschas, skull . .401 



1005 bis. Ara ararauna, skull 401 



1006. Apteryx mantelli, shoulder-girdle 402 



1007. Dinornis robustus, skeleton . . 403 



1008. Sterna wilsoni, fore-limb of embryo 404 



1009. Apteryx australis, left innominate 404 



1010. Gallus bankiva, innominate of embryo . . . . . . 405 



1011. Apteryx oweni, hind-limb of embryo 405 



1012. Gallus bankiva, egg at time of hatching . . * 408 



1013. ,, ,, blastoderm 409 



1014. ,, ,, two embryos 411 



1015. ,, ,, egg with embryo and embryonic appendages . 411 



1016. ,, ,, diagrams of development of embryonic mem- 



branes 413 



1016 bis. Diagram illustrating the Relationships of the chief groups of 



Birds 417 



1017. Lepus cuniculus, skeleton with outline of body .... 418 



1018. ,, ,, vertebra 419 



1019. ,, ,, skull 423 



1020. ,, ,, shoulder-girdle with part of sternum . . . 426 



1021. ,, ,, carpus with distal end of fore-arm . . . 427 



1022. sacrum and innominates . 428 



