THE RED ROBE OF COURAGE 763 



improved straight Texas cows that were placed on 

 the ranch about 1885. Nothing but purebred Here- 

 ford bulls were being used and they were raised from 

 a purebred herd that numbered at one time about 

 3,500 head. We kept the standard of this purebred 

 herd high by cutting out every year and turning into 

 the large herd everything that showed a lack of 

 quality. 



"I wish to emphasize the fact that the purebred 

 Hereford is a hardier, thriftier range animal than 

 the grade Hereford. As a demonstration of the fact 

 I will say in this instance that our purebred herd 

 was handled just the same and had no better treat- 

 ment than our large graded herd and yet was always 

 in better condition. Both herds had to depend upon 

 the grass and natural shelter of the pastures in 

 which they were located, with simply a wire fence 

 between them. Neither herd was given any addi- 

 tional feed in the winter. Those cattle that became 

 poor and weak were gathered into a smaller pasture 

 and fed cake on the grass. 



"During the last six years I have given most of 

 my time to the breeding ranch of Boice, Gates & 

 Johnson, formerly known as the Chiricahua Cattle 

 Co., or CCC outfit, in southern Arizona. It is one 

 of the oldest herds in the state and has been one of 

 the best improved for many years, though we have 

 materially improved it and it is still in the process 

 of improvement. At the beginning of my adminis- 

 tration we bought a select purebred herd to raise 

 bulls from and shipped them to our upper ranch 

 where they are located at an elevation of about 6>500 

 feet. They have never had any feed except the nat- 

 ural grass and browsing and have always been in 

 better condition than our main graded herd adjoin- 

 ing. When we brought this little herd there, the old 

 foreman, who had been in the business all his life, 



