598 



BOTANY 



PAET II 



there are 5-15. The microspores are usually winged. The female flowers are 

 always cones, consisting of an axis bearing the closely approximated scales, which 

 protect the ovules ; the scales later become lignified. In Agathis and Araucaria 

 each scale bears a single anatropous ovule at its base. The condition of affairs in 

 Sequoia and Sciadopitys is similar, but the outgrowth is more clearly denned; 

 each scale bears 4-9 anatropous ovules. In the Abietineae proper the limits of the 

 two scales are still more marked. The two anatropous ovules are borne on an 



FIG. 590. Abies pectinata. A, Male flower ; /, scale leaves ; h, sporophylls. B, Bract-scale (d) and 

 ovuliferous scale (fr), seen from below. C, The same from above, sa, the winged seeds. 

 (After BERG and SCHMIDT.) D, Abies Nordmanniana with ripe cones, the scales in part 

 shed. (Reduced from ENGLER and PRANTL.) 



inner scale, which, at its base, is continuous with the scale of the cone. THE 



OUTER SCALE IS CALLED THE BRACT SCALE, THE INNER THE OVULIFEROUS SCALE 



(Figs. 590, 593). The ovuliferous scale is the more strongly developed, and it is 

 the part that becomes lignified and affords protection to the ovules. Even at the 

 period of flowering the bract scale is usually concealed by the ovuliferous scale 

 and only to be detected on close inspection. In other forms, however (e.g. Abies, 

 Fig. 590, Pseudotsuga Douglasii, etc.), the bract scales even in the older cone 

 project prominently between the ovuliferous scales. 



Most important Genera and Species. Agathis (Dammara) is distributed in 

 the Malayan Archipelago and extends to New Zealand ; A. australis and A. 



