646 



BOTANY 



PART II 



by the hygroscopic movements of its branches (cf. p. 333). Cranibe (Fig. 656 E], 

 with the lower portion of the siliqua sterile, and Cakile are thick-leaved, strand 

 plants. Raphanus sativus, the Radish. Vcsicaria, Aubrictia, Draba, Lunaria 

 (Fig. 656 D}. Cochlearia ojficinalis, Scurvy Grass. Erophila, Ibcris with somewhat 

 zygomorphic flowers. Capsella bursa pastoris, Shepherd's purse (Fig. 656 C}. 

 Isatis tinctoria, Woad. 



OFFICIAL. SINAPIS NIGUAE SEMINA, from Brassica nigra. ARMORACIAE 

 RADIX, from Cochlearia Armoracia. 



Family 4. Capparidaceae. Capparis spinosa is a small shrub occurring on 

 rocky ground in the Mediterranean region. The leaves are simple with short, 

 recurved, spiny stipules. The actinomorphic flowers are axillary and solitary ; the 

 androecium by chorisis consists of numerous members. In this respect and in the 

 presence of a gynophore which raises the pistil above the rest of the flower (Fig. 

 660), there are differences from the Cruciferae. The fruit is a berry which reaches 

 the size of a plum and contains numerous seeds. Capers are prepared from the 

 young flower buds. 



Order 13. Cistiflorae 



The plants belonging to this order are characterised by their usually regular, 

 pentamerous flowers ; the stamens are increased in number by chorisis, or when 



FIG. 661. Floral diagram of 

 Helianthemum vulgare (Cis- 

 taceae). (EICHLER.) 



FIG. 662. Floral diagram 

 of Viola. (After NOLI,) 



FIG. 663. Thea chinensis. Flowering shoot 

 ( nat. size) ; fruit and seed. 



the separation of the branches is incomplete they form distinct bundles ; the 

 superior ovary is usually trimerous. 



