DIV. II 



ANGIOSPERMAE 



647 



Family 1. Cistaceae. Pentamerous, regular flowers, with numerous stamens 

 and three to five carpels united to form a unilocular or multilocular ovary with a 

 single style and parietal placentas. In Britain the Rock Rose (Helianthemum 

 vulgare) (Fig. 661). Many species of Cistus are characteristic shrubs of the vegeta- 

 tion of the Mediterranean region. 



Family 2. Violaceae. Distinguished by dorsiventral flowers with only five 

 stamens. Ovary unilocular with a simple style. The flowers have the anterior petal 

 prolonged backAvards as a spur, into which two nectar- secreting processes of the two 

 anterior stamens project (Fig. 662). 



Family 3. Ternstroexniaceae have a gradual transition from sepals to petals, 

 like that found in the Magnoliaceae, numerous stamens, and a trilocular ovary 

 with axile placentation. The Tea-plant (Fig. 663) and the Camellia belong to 

 this family. 



Family 4. Guttiferae. Distinguished by the schizogenous glands and the 

 union in bundles of th5 stamens. Hypericum is a British representative. The red 

 contents of the secretory organs of Garcinia Hanburyi when dried form Gamboge. 



Family 5. Dipterocarpaceae. Characterised by the great enlargement of some 

 or all the sepals after fertilisation. Dryobalanops Camphora yields Borneo Camphor. 

 Dammar is obtained from Shorea Wiesneri. 



Order 14. Columniferae 



The essential character of this order is afforded by the androecium 

 of the regularly pentamerous, actinomorphic, hermaphrodite flowers. 



One of the two whorls of stamens, 

 usually the outer one, is suppressed 

 or only represented by staminodes, 

 while the other whorl has undergone 

 a greater or less increase in the 



FIG. 664. Flower of Althaea officinalis, cut 

 through longitudinally. o, Outer; 5, 

 inner calyx ; c, petals ; d, androecium ; 

 /, pistil ; e, ovule. (After BERG and 



SrHMIDT.) 



FIG. 665. Malvaceae. 

 Floral diagram (Malva). 



FIG. 666. Malva sylrestris. a, Flower : 

 b, flower-bud ; c, fruit. (Nat. size.) 



