706 



BOTANY 



serve as the attractive apparatus. Sambucus, Elder, has irnparipinnate leaves, 

 glandular stipules, and actinomorphic flowers. Zygomorphic flowers are found in 

 the Honeysuckle (Lonicera periclymenuni), one of our native lianes ; the long- tubed, 

 sweet-scented flowers are attractive to long - tongued Sphingidae. DierviUa 

 ( Weigelia] a favourite ornamental shrub. 



OFFICIAL. Viburnum prunifolium. 



Family 3. Valerianaceae. Herbs or small shrubs, with decussately-arranged 

 leaves and asymmetrical flowers. Calyx only developed on the fruit as a "pappus, ' 



FIG. 766. Cinchona suceirubra. A, Flower. B, Corolla split open. 0, Ovary in longitudinal 

 section. D, Fruit. E, Seed. (D nat. size, the others enlarged.) (After A. MEYER and 

 SCHUMANN.) OFFICIAL. 



i.e. a feathery crown assisting in wind-dispersal. Valeriana, the Valerian (Figs. 

 769, 770), has a spurred pentamerous corolla, three stamens, and three carpels, only 

 one of which is fertile. 



OFFICIAL. Valeriana officinalis yields VALERIANAE RHIZOMA. V. Wallichii. 



Family 4. Dipsaceae. Herbaceous plants with opposite leaves and tetramerous 

 or pentamerous actinomorphic or zygomorphic flowers. The individual flowers 

 have an epicalyx which persists on the fruit and serves as a means of dispersal ; 

 they are associated in heads surrounded by sterile bracts. 



Dipsacus, the Teazel, has recurved hooks on the involucral and floral bracts. 

 Corolla with four lobes, four stamens, and one carpel containing a pendulous, ana- 



