DIV. II 



ANGIOSPERMAE 



709 



with a firm rind. The branched or unbrauched tendrils correspond in their lateral 

 position to a bract. Oucumis sativus, the Cucumber, and Cucumis Melo, the Melon, 

 are commonly cultivated. The Cucumber is parthenocarpic ( 38 ), i.e. pollination of 

 the stigma is not necessary for the setting of the fruit. Cucurbita Pepo, the 

 Pumpkin. Bryonia, Bryony. Citrullus Colocynthis is a perennial plant inhabiting 



Fn;. 771. Fruit of Dipsacvs 

 fiUlonum in longitudinal 

 section. hk, Calyx tube; 

 end, endosperm ; em, em- 

 bryo. (After BAILLON.) 



a c f> 



FIG. 772. Succisa pratensis. a, Flower with epicalyx ; 

 6, the same after removal of epicalyx ; c, fruit in 

 longitudinal section ; /, ovary ; hk, epicalyx. (After 



H. SCHEXCK.) 



the Asiatic and African deserts north of the equator. Leaves deeply three-lobed and 

 pinnately divided. Tendrils simple or forked ; male and female flowers solitary in 

 the axils of the leaves. The fruit is a dry berry (Fig. 774). Ecballium elaterium. 



OFFICIAL. Citrullus colocynthis yields COLOCYNTHIDIS PULPA. Cucurbita 

 maxima, seeds. 



The association of the following families with the Cucurbitaceae is only 

 possible on the morphological character 

 afforded by the united anthers. A 

 real relationship must not therefore 

 be assumed, especially since the in- 

 vestigations of KRATZER have shown 

 how various is the course of develop- 

 ment of the seeds. There was, how- 

 ever, no better place in this short 

 systematic account to treat of the very 

 isolated Cucurbitaceae. 



Family 2. Campanulaceae. Herbs 

 with -milky juice ; flowers actino- 

 morphic ; ovary as a rule trilocular 



or pentalocular. The stamens are inserted on the floral axis and have their 

 anthers joined together. The genus Campanula (Figs. 775, 776) has a number of 

 British species with blue bell-shaped flowers. Phyteuma has spike-like inflores- 

 cences, the petals only separate near the base. Only after the pollen which has 

 been shed in the bud has been swept out by the hairs on the style ( w ) do the 

 petals open and the arms of the stigma spread apart. Jasione has capitulate 

 inflorescences resembling those of Compositae. 



Family 3. Lobeliaceae differ from the Campanulaceae in the zygomorphic 

 flowers and two carpels. The median sepal is anterior and conies below a deep 



FIG. 773. Ecballium (Cucurbitaceae). Diagrams of 

 (.4) a male and of (B) a female flower. (After 

 EICHLER.) 



