92 ANNELIDA. 



2. The peristomium forms the under lip, but bears no appen- 

 dages. 



3. Find three pairs of ramose gills. These are modifications 

 of the dorsal cirri. (Terebella has three pairs, but they are of 

 unequal size.) 



4. Notice again the feeble development of the parapodia 

 and the absence of ventral cirri and neuropodial sets. Setae 

 are not found posteriorly. On what somite do they begin? 



5. Find the ventral shield glands which are concerned in 

 building the tube. How many are there? 



6. The live worm is of a bright pinkish color, due to its red 

 blood. There is only one internal septum and it forms a so- 

 called diaphragm. Anterior to the diaphragm the nephridia 

 are large and excretory in function. Posterior to the diaphragm 

 the nephridia serve as genital tubes. 



A drawing is desirable. 



CISTENIDES GOULDII. 



This very aberrant worm belongs to the family Amphictenidae. 



1. Study the beautiful tube of sand and the manner in which 

 the grains are fitted together. It is said that the worms can 

 carry the tubes about. 



2. See how the peristomium and the large golden setae close the 

 shell. The sets are said to belong to the second somite. Notice 

 the ends of the tentacles protruding from the tube. 



3. Find the tentacles, two pairs of gills, and the parapodia. 

 Notice how the latter diminish in size posteriorly and how each 

 typically consists of a ridge-like notopodium without set and a 

 reduced neuropodium with long golden seta3. If the specimen is 

 complete you can see a much degenerated portion (the scapha) 

 at the posterior end, which serves to close the small end of the 

 tube. 



A drawing is desirable. 



CLYMENELLA TORQUATA. 



This worm belongs to the family Maldanidae. It makes 

 tubes of sand and generally lives in sheltered places on sandy or 

 muddy shores. 



