LEPAS. 157 



these appendages of a living specimen and see what happens. 

 What kind of food would they naturally collect ? 



3. Examine the portions of the shell. The portion on the 

 closed, dorsal margin is the carina, laterally and near the base 

 of the peduncle are the scuta, and near the extremity the terga. 

 Why are there so many pieces ? Notice the lines of growth and 

 determine the direction of growth of each piece. 



Draw the animal as seen from one side. 



With a scalpel or razor cut a preserved specimen into right 

 and left halves, extending the cut through the peduncle. 



4. The mouth will be seen at the end of a rather thick pro- 

 longation which is extended to near the bases of the abdominal 

 appendages. On the margin of this prolongation are the small 

 scale-like mandibles, first maxillce, and second maxillce. The sto- 

 mach is rather large and the % small intestine leads to the posterior 

 end of the abdomen, where it opens between the abdominal 

 appendages. 



5. The nervous system, consisting of a large pair of cerebral 

 ganglia and a short ventral chain of ganglia, should be seen in 

 such a section. 



6. The animal is hermaphroditic. The testes lie dorsal to 

 the stomach and communicate with a conspicuous coiled vas 

 deferens that is continued to the elongated penis at the end of the 

 abdomen. What reason is there for such a long penis? The 

 ovary occupies the interior of the peduncle. The oviducts are 

 inconspicuous and hard to follow. They open near the bases 

 of the anterior thoracic appendages. 



7. Examine the appendages carefully and be sure that you 

 understand the relation of parts. What part must the pedun- 

 cle represent? Understand the beautiful adaptation of the 

 animal for its life. 



A drawing showing the organs is desirable. 



Bigelow: Early Development of Lepas. Bui. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard, 



40, 1902. 

 Delage: Evolution de la Sacculine. (Sacculina carcini.) Arch. Zool. Exp. 



et Gen., 2 e Series, 11, 1884. 



