SUGGESTIONS FOR USING THIS MANUAL 



Observations, In the first place, pupils of first or second 

 years in secondary schools have too limited an experience to 

 permit of their being left to their own devices. All observa- 

 tions, therefore, should be made in small installments as imme- 

 diate answers to certain leading questions which pupils should 

 be encouraged to ask for themselves. Pupils are to be graded 

 on their ability to see, at the time they observe, and as orally 

 expressed. " Seeing true means thinking right. Eight think- 

 ing means right action. To bring about right action is the 

 end of Science. Lack of precision in action is the greatest 

 cause of human misery, for misery is nature's protest against 

 the results of wrong conduct." Optionally, at times, their 

 observations may be written before being orally expressed. 

 Other pupils may be encouraged to criticise any incomplete 

 or wrong observations, until it is evident to all that the neces- 

 sary observations are as carefully and completely made as is 

 possible with the facilities at hand. 



Conclusions. All pupils are now to write out their own 

 conclusions, as based on the observations made. (Optionally 

 they may be recited, depending on the matter under consid- 

 eration.) A limited time is given in which to write their 

 conclusions, then a number read and criticised until the class 

 individually and as a whole grasps the significance of the 

 observations made and the logical deductions therefrom. Such 

 conclusions are also to be graded at the time, thus bringing 

 about much closer supervision of the work than would other- 

 wise be possible, and with the added and very important 

 advantage of avoiding much of the senseless clerical drudgery 

 of looking over notes. Mistakes are thus corrected at a time 

 when such corrections are the most effective. 



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