CONTENTS 



PAGE 



FOREWORD TO TEACHERS .... 13 



I. DIRECTIONS TO THE STI DENT FOR KEEPING NOTES IN BIOLOGY 19 



II. THE ENVIRONMENT OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS . . 23 



PROBLEM 



1. To determine the factors of environment . . . . .23 



2. Comparison of a natural with an artificial environment ... 24 



3. To test my home environment 25 



4. To learn the conditions of my city environment 27 



5. To determine and to illustrate by a graph the changes of temperature 



(one of the factors of the environment) during a given day . . 28 



6. To make a graph to show how much fluid I take into my body in a day 30 



7. May environment influence public health ? 30 



III. THE INTERRELATIONS OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS . . 32 



8. A field trip 33 



9. How to know an insect ......... 34 



10. To learn to recognize insects that frequent flowering plants . . 34 



11. To study the life history (metamorphosis) of an insect ... 36 



12. To learn the structure and work of the parts of a flower ... 38 



13. The cross-pollination of flowers 39 



14. To study cross-pollination in butter and eggs . . . .40 



15. Special directions for the study of some fall flowers (Extra) . . 41 



16. To find other pollinating agents besides insects . . . .43 



IV. THE FUNCTIONS AND COMPOSITION OF LIVING THINGS . 46 



17. The uses of the parts of a plant 46 



18. To study the needs and uses of the parts of a living animal ... 47 

 (Study of compound microscope) . . . ... .47 



19. To determine the unit of structure in plants and animals ... 49 



20. To determine some of the properties of protoplasm .... 50 



21. To study structure and growth of pollen 51 



22. To study the reason for the growth of pollen grains in flowers . . 51 



23. To discover how fruits are formed ....... 52 



24. How and why fruits and seeds are scattered 53 



5 



