PROPAGATION OF TREES AND SHRUBS 23 



more quickly if taken in summer (125). They root well in sand (125), 

 probably better in sand-peat (15), and respond to treatments with indole- 

 butyric acid (20 mg./L, 24 hr., or 2 mg./gm. talc) (61). Cuttings taken 

 here in November rooted 100 percent without treatment, in half the time 

 with it. Cuttings taken here in January rooted 89 percent in 15 weeks 

 without treatment, 100 percent in 6 weeks with treatment. Rooting of 

 summer cuttings was similarly hastened by treatment (125), and treated 

 fall cuttings developed larger root systems than the untreated (47). 



Ilex glabra, inkberry. Cuttings may be taken from July or August to as 

 late as January (15). They responded to treatments with indolebutyric 

 acid (20 mg./L, 24 hr., or 2 mg./gm. talc) (61). Summer cuttings rooted 

 90 percent in sand with or without indolebutyric acid (50 mg./l., 4 hr.), 

 but they rooted more rapidly with it (125). Rooting of summer cuttings 

 was also hastened by treatment with 10 mg./l., 24 hr. (57). 



IlcA- opaca, American holly, is not difficult to propagate by late summer or 

 fall cuttings, taken after the new growth has become dark green (76) and 

 made with the basal cut at the base of the current year's growth, only 3 

 or 4 leaves nearest the tip being retained (76, 129). They may be taken 

 as late as December (45), but August and September are better months 

 {Z2)). Sand (29, 101) or sand-peat (57) are good rooting media, better 

 than sandy soil. It is well to insert cuttings at an angle, the leaves al- 

 most flat on the rooting medium (129). Treatments with indolebutyric 

 acid (40 to 80 mg./l., 24 hr., or 12 mg./gm. talc) are beneficial (61). Cut- 

 tings taken here in late August rooted 96 percent after treatment (50 

 mg./L, 20 hr.), 49 percent without it. Rooting of winter cuttings was 

 more improved by 30 or 50 mg./l. than by greater concentrations (57). 

 October cuttings rooted 90 percent in 2 months without treatment and in 

 1 month after treatment (100 mg./L, 18 hr,) (125). 



Ilex rugosa. Untreated cuttings taken here in November rooted 100 percent 

 in sand-peat in 5 months. Their rooting was hastened by 2 months, but 

 not otherwise affected, by treatment with indolebutyric acid (100 mg./L, 

 18 hr.). 



Ilex verticillata, black-alder. Summer cuttings and those of harder wood 

 rooted better in peat moss than in sand (14, 66). Cuttings rooted in 18 

 days at 80° F., much more slowly at 59° F. (126). Treatments with indole- 

 butyric acid (40 to 80 mg./L, 24 hr., or 12 mg./gm. talc) are beneficial (61). 



Ilex voniitoria, yaupon. Cuttings, untreated, rarely root, but they rooted 

 after treatment with naphthaleneacetic acid, 1:1000, in talc (96). 



Itea virginica is easily propagated by softwood cuttings. Taken here about 

 July 1, they rooted 100 percent in sand in 4 weeks whether or not they 

 were treated. 



Jasmimim nudiflornm. winter jasmine, is readily propagated by cuttings 

 taken in late summer (80, 106) and inserted in sand (105), sand-peat (87), 

 or sandy soil (80). 



Juniperus, juniper. Cuttings respond to treatments with indolebutyric acid. 

 Effective concentrations are 40 to 60 ing./L, 24 hr., or 5 to 12 mg./gm. talc 

 for mountain juniper (49); 40 to 80 mg./L, 24 hr., or 12 mg./gm. talc for 

 Chinese juniper. Pfitzer juniper, creeping juniper, savin, red cedar, /. con- 

 ferta, and /. excelsa (61). Cuttings of /. excelsa, creeping juniper, and 

 Pfitzer juniper root better in sand-peat than in sand (14). A few of the 

 species are separately referred to below. 



