ANNUAL REPORT, 1942 57 



percentage hatchability of fertile eggs was higher for fish meal than for crab 

 meal when used with distillers grains with solubles; but was higher for the crab 

 meal when used with fermentation solubles and soybean oil meal. 



Corn Dried Distillers' By-products in Laying Rations. (R. T. Parkhurst, C. 

 R. Fellers, and J. W. Kuzmeski.) Complete or unsupplemented all-mash diets 

 were fed to Rhode Island Red pullets in laying cages. All the dried skimmilk 

 (2.5 percent) was replaced by an equal amount of dried distillers' by-products 

 from mashes containing a high percentage of yellow corn. The by-products tested 

 were the "screenings" or conventional light grains; the "grains," which were the 

 grains with solubles or dark grains containing the residue (screenings) with which 

 were dried the screened condensed stillage (solubles); and the "solubles", ob- 

 tained by drying the stillage, after removal of the alcohol and "screenings." 



The rations containing these by-products, each supplemented with meat- 

 scraps, gave as good production results as meatscraps and dried skimmilk, as 

 indicated by percentage egg production, egg weights, body weight gains and 

 egg qualit3^ Mortality was low in all groups. Similar production results were 

 obtained when fish meal replaced meatscraps as a supplement to "grains" and 

 to "solubles". Hatchability was better when the "solubles" were fed. With 

 either fish meal or meat scraps, "solubles" were comparable to milk in results 

 obtained. With fish meal, "grains" also gave good hatchability. 



Dried Cereal Grasses in Starting Rations. (R. T. Parkhurst, J. H. X'ondell, 

 and J. W. Kuzmeski.) Dried cereal grasses at levels of 1.25 and 2.5 percent 

 adequately replaced dehydrated alfalfa meal at a 5 percent level in a meatscrap 

 basal ration in which the vitamin D was obtained from D-activated animal 

 sterol. In a similar comparison involving the 1942 (revised) New England Col- 

 lege starter, equally good results were obtained with a low cost ration containing 

 15 percent soybean oil meal, dry vitamin D, and both dried cereal grasses and 

 alfalfa meal, provided both fish meal and meatscraps were used. Results were 

 not satisfactory when meatscraps were the only animal protein concentrate 

 included in the ration. 



DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY SCIENCE 

 J. B. Lentz in Charge 



Poultry Disease Control Service. (H. Van Roekel, K. L. Bullis, O. S. Flint, 

 and M. K. Clarke.) 



1. Pidlorum Disease Eradication. During the 1941-42 testing season 366 

 chicken flocks and 31 turkey flocks were tested for pullorum disease. The results 

 from this service are reported in a separate bulletin issued for that purpose. 



2. Diagnostic Service. A total of 2,180 specimens in 498 consignments were 

 examined. Personal delivery of specimens was made in 252 cases. The speci- 

 mens may be classified as follows: J ,932 chickens, 190 turkeys, 11 foxes, 9 mink, 

 8 each of goat feces and pigeons, 4 each of pheasants and rabbits, 3 each of 

 canine feces and geese, 2 each of dogs and quail, and 1 each of equine feces, feed, 

 parrakeet, and sheep. 



It is encouraging to note that avian tuberculosis and fowl typhoid were not 

 encountered during the year. The former has not been widespread in recent 

 years, but fowl tj'phoid began to reach serious proportions until 1939, when educa- 

 tional activities by the County Extension Services and the Massachusetts Divi- 

 sion of Livestock Disease Control were apparently effective in checking further 



