Proceedings 323 



mitted as a growing heritage to the perpetual intellectual life of our 

 beloved State!" 



Personal recollections of Dr. Johnson were then given by Messrs. 

 Roe and Upham, while Professor Winchell, as one of the charter mem- 

 bers, gave quite a sketch, though informal, of Dr. Johnson's founding 

 of the Academy, of the character and method of his work in the study 

 of Fungi, and an enumeration and estimation of his published papers. 



The names of S. R. Child and Prof. F. J. Wulling were proposed 

 for membership by the Secretary and Mr. Roe and that of Edgar Reed 

 by Mr. Roe and the Secretary; for all these the Secretary was directed 

 to cast the Academy's ballot for membership. Done. 



The following amendment to the constitution was offered by Mr. 

 Roe, action to be taken at the next meeting: "To amend Art. 1 so 

 that its name shall read 'Minnesota Academy of Science', and leaving 

 out the word 'Natural.' Also that Art. 5, relating to the Board of Trus- 

 tees, be amended so as to make 'the Vice President of the Academy 

 an ex-officio member of the Board, and that four members shall con- 

 stitute a quorum.' 



At 8:45 Mr. H. B. Norton gave his report on "Some recent Studies 

 of the Drift, bearing on the 'Great Geological Puzzle', illustrated by 

 photographs and erratics from this vicinity." Mr. Norton described 

 three kinds of glaciers: (1) stream, as in Switzerland; (2) mixed, 

 as in Alaska; (3) the Piedmont, spreading out by its own weight. The 

 speaker did not believe that the "Piedmont" form existed, and so did 

 not bring drift. Only sharp rocks are reported on glaciers and there 

 are no such sharp rocks in our moraines. The speaker's main point 

 was that our drift was the result of water action and not glacial 

 action. He cited the sand water deposit of some 50 feet in the Cedar 

 Lake hill, the gravel cones in the Cannon river valley near Red Wing, 

 his finding polished rock under the cones and circular striations 

 around them, such as is done by water and not by ice. He described 

 the gravel ring about Minneapolis, with sand toward the center and 

 black earth in the center, such as would be made by a swirl of water. 

 How could the soft rocks with mica, such as cannot withstand a single 

 Minnesota winter, have been brought by the glacier? How could the 

 field of some 500,000 rocks, from one half to about three quarters of 

 a ton, polished all over, which were found around Franklin Av. and 

 the river, have been made by ice? Then those rocks, which are too 

 large to be rolled over and over, are not polished. Rocks, toor are 

 found on the hills and alone in valleys: glaciers do not melt fast 

 enough to do this work. The cross-hatched striation on the bed rocks 

 appears to be the work of sea-ice rather than glaciers. The "terminal 

 moraines" were regarded by the speaker as the shore beaches of this 

 inland sea. 



It was the sense ox Mr. Norton's greatly interested hearers that 

 he should continue his evidence at the next meeting and that there 

 should be a chanco for a discussion of the question. Adjournment at 

 10:20. 



HARLOW GALE, Secretary, 



