330 Proceedings 



Inglewood springs are not really springs, but artesian wells through 

 the same strata as found in Mr. Jackson's test holes. 



Another gorge the speaker found from the mouth of Rice creek, 

 15 miles up the river, off east through the chain of lakes north of St. 

 Paul to the mouth of Trout creek at the foot of Dayton's bluff in St. 

 Paul. Although not so definite a valley, this was a more direct route 

 than either of the two later right-angled courses. As the Mississippi 

 river or its ancestor always existed somewhere here between the 

 archaen areas in Wisconsin and in Minnesota, this Rice and Trout 

 creek valley was undoubtedly an ancient course of the Mississippi 

 river. This course was interrupted by the first glacier, that which 

 came from the northeast, until its deposited till filled the old straight 

 gorge and turned the river into the forge of the Bassett's creek valley. 



After a long interglacial period came another glacial disturbance 

 from the northwest which cut off the Bassett's creek course and turned 

 the river into its present channel between here and Fort Snelling. 

 The speaker measured the recession of the falls since Hennepin's time 

 and calculated therefrom that from 7,000 to 8,000 years had been 

 occupied in cutting this third and last gorge from Fort Snelling to 

 the Falls of St. Anthony. Applying this datum to the Bassett's creek 

 route it makes some 15,000 years for the excavation of the Bassett's 

 creek gorge. 



There is no possibility of measuring in years the first Mississippi 

 route by way of Rice creek to Dayton's bluff in St. Paul. 



In the discussion following Mr. Upham spoke of the great value 

 and importance of Professor Winchell's early estimate of the river's 

 cutting, along with that of Niagara. Professor Winchell's calculation 

 of the date of the last Glacial epoch having preceded that based on 

 the recession of Niagara falls by Gilbert. Prof. Sardeson spoke of the 

 bog at Eden Prairie on Purgatory creek, where the M. & St. L. Ry. 

 had put in a large cement culvert which was cracking and going 

 apart with the continued settling of the filling; also of a bog in 

 England which was covered with a layer of cotton waste and then 

 evenly with dirt so as to permit no bulging in any one part; also of a 

 small bog by lake Phelan near St. Paul. 



The nominating committee, Norton, Oestlund, and Spratt, reported 

 in favor of the re-election of the present officers. Moved by Child, 

 seconded, and carried that the Secretary cast the ballot of the Acad- 

 emy for the re-eelction of the present officers. Thus the following 

 v/ero elected for 1907: 



President: T. B. Walker. 



Vice-President: N. H. Winchell. 



Recording Secretary: Harlow Gale. 



Corresponding Secretary: O. W. Oestlund, 



Treasurer: Edw. C. Gale. 



Trustees: Dr. T. S. Roberts, O. W. Oestlund. 



Prof. Oestlund spoke again of the necessity of moving the Acad- 

 emy's books from his laboratory, or he himself would have to move 

 out; also that the risk of fire there was too great for the valuable 



