Extinct Pleistocene Mammals 417 



lessly crushed by the workmen, its fragments indicating, according to 

 the description, that it was elephantine. Mr. S. C. Amberson, fore- 

 man, made an attempt to get all the pieces together. After his death 

 Mrs. Amberson preserved the large fragment of the femur, which she 

 lately presented to the University Museum. 



According to statements made in the Minneapolis Journal Nov. 19, 

 1908, a number of mammoth bones were found at lake Minnetonka 

 by workmen in dredging in thirty feet of water off Huntington's point, 

 near Areola, about 100 feet from the shore. These remains embraced 

 a hip bone, eight vertebrae and a leg bone. I have not been able to 

 see these bones. 



In 1891 Prof. A. F. Bechdolt, of Mankato stated that he found a 

 *'tooth of a mastodon," with a fragment of the lower jaw, in a ditch 

 being dug by the city in one of the streets of Mankato. 



Capt. Jos. Buisson stated that a mammoth tooth was found oppo- 

 site Lake City, near Stockholm, on the shore of lake Pepin. 



Toward the northwest, in North Dakota, Dr. Upham has given 

 the particulars of the finding of elephant's (or mammoth's) remains 

 at an excavation through the Herman beach near Ripon in Cass county. 

 This is published m his memoir ou Lake Agassiz for the United States 

 Geological Survey, p. 322. In this case several teeth and vertebrae, 

 as well as tusks, were found. These lay below the gravel of the beach 

 and about a foot below the upper surface of the Wisconsin till sheet. 

 These fossils musit be considered as of about the same date, as the 

 teeth taken from the river gravels further south, though probably 

 somewhat later. 



About two years ago a small elephant's tooth was found at 

 Wabasha, in the gravel terrace of the Mississippi river, and I gave a 

 description of tlie circumstances and of the nature of this tooth in a 

 paper read before this Academy in May, 1907. It was brought to me 

 by Mr. John D. Stritch, but was found by his brother George P. 

 Stritch who was superintendent for the railroad in the excavation of 

 the terrace for ballast and grading. By the steam shovel it was 

 thrown on the car with the gravel, was transported to Greathorn 

 spring, which is between Dresbach and River Junction, in Winona 

 county, where, in unloading the car by steam plow, it was scraped off 

 the car with the gravel, and was first observed on the dump by Mr. 

 Stritch,* It is illustrated by plate X. 



This tooth contains ten double plates of hard enamel folded close 

 so as to make double transverse ridges, the dentine in each plate 

 being quite ^ccnt. The width of the intervening layers of cementum 

 is but slightly more than that of the plates. The greatest width of 

 the tooth is three inches and its greatest length, on the grinding sur- 

 face is 41/4 inches. 



The interesting, feature exhibited by this tooth is its gravel-worn 

 exterior, showing that it was for a time subjected to the rolling and 

 wearing action incident to the transportation and deposition of the 

 gravel and h:toiies of the terrace, and hence that it dates from the 



*At present this tooth is owned by Mr. O. O. Whlted of Minneapolis. 



