Toronto Students in Norfolk* 



Dr. Femow's Students Study ing Afforestation Problems. 



From the 20th to 26th of April the third 

 and fourth year students of the Faculty of 

 Forestry of the University of Toronto un- 

 der Dr. B. E. Fernow, Dean, spent a most 

 profitable week at the Ontario Gavernment 

 Forest Nursery near St. Williams in Nor- 

 folk County. This is the second visit made 

 to these nurseries by this school and ar- 

 rangements are now being made by which 

 it will be possible for all students after 

 passing their first year to spend the whole 

 summer there and thus become thoroughly 



transplanting tools imported from Germany 

 and many a student that day found himself 

 closer to mother earth than he had been 

 since his mud-pie days. 



These tools, complicated and even cum- 

 bersome though they seem, are yet both 

 rapid and efficient in the hands of an expert. 

 They are however, only fitted for the soils 

 for which they are designed, and while the 

 students handled them with considerable suc- 

 cess, it is doubtful whether they will prove 

 widely applicable in this country. 



SNAPS IN THE NURSERIES. 



1. Making Seed Beds. 



3. Making Growth Studies. 



2. Dr. Fernow Shows How to Transplant. 

 4. Plantation of Jack Pine on Sand Waste. 



familiar with the practical 8i<le of the work. 

 This year the trip wa.s held between spring 

 examinations and came as a pleafant relaxa- 

 tion from studies for the eighteen students 

 who took part in the excursion. 



On arrival at the nursery the boys were 

 met by Mr. E. J. Zavitz, the Provincial For- 

 ester for Ontario, who conducted them over 

 the ground, explaining the work and giving 

 the history of the various plantations in- 

 spected. The following day, under the in- 

 structions of Dean P'ernow, they were in- 

 itiated into the uses of the many mysterious 



The reforesting of the waste land is done 

 in rows, the young trees (mostly Scotch 

 pine) being set about four feet apart each 

 way. On grass lands sufficient sod has to 

 be removed to preclude the possibility of 

 the young trees being choked out by grass 

 and weeds. Usually a plot about two feet 

 square is sufficient for this purpose. Where 

 conditions permit, the waste lands are 

 ploughed with furrows about three feet 

 ai)art, and the men work down these furrows 

 in groups of two, (one man making the hole 

 with a spade, the other setting the plant,) 



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