98 MORPHOLOGY OF LEAVES. 



Dentate, or Toothed, a general term for toothing, specially 

 applied to the case of salient teeth which are not directed for- 

 ward or towards the apex of the blade, Fig. 190. 



Crenate, or Scalloped, the same as dentate or serrate, but with 

 teeth much rounded, Fig. 191. 



Repand, or Undulate, when the margin is a wav} T line, bending 

 slightly inward and outward, Fig. 192. 



Sinuate, when this wavy line is stronger or distinctly sinuous, 

 as in Fig. 193. 



Incised, when cut by sharp and irregular incisions more or less 

 deeply, Fig. 194. This is intermediate between dentation and 



186. Lobation or Segmentation. When the blade is more 

 deeply penetrated by incisions from the margin, that is, when 

 the spaces between the ribs or principal veins are not filled to 

 near the general outline, it is said to be lobed, cleft, parted, or 

 divided, according to the degree of separation ; and the portions 

 are called lobes, segments, divisions, &c. The most general name 

 for such parts of any simple blade is that of lobes. More par- 

 ticularly a leaf-blade, or other body, is said to be 



Lobed, when the division extends not more than half way down, 

 and either the sinuses or the lobes are rounded ; 



Cleft, when the division is half way down or more, and the 

 lobes or sinuses narrow or acute ; 



Parted, when the divisions reach almost, but not quite, to the 

 base or the midrib ; 



Divided, when the}' sever the blade into distinct parts, which 

 makes the leaf compound. (193.) 



187. LOBE is the common name of one of the parts of a simple 

 blade, especially when there is only one order of incision. But 

 when there are more, as when a leaf is divided or parted and 

 these primary lobes again lobed or cleft, the lobes of first order 

 are commonly called SEGMENTS (sometimes divisions or partitions), 

 and the parts of these, Lobes. Or the lobes may be designated 

 as primary, secondary, tertiary, &c. Ultimate portions or small 

 lobes may be called Lobules or Lobelets. Also the portions of a 

 quite divided blade take the name of Leaflets. By proper selec- 

 tion of terms, the degree of division or lobing may thus be 

 expressed in a single word. 



188. As to Number of parts, this may be tersely expressed by 

 combination with the adjective term applicable to the degree ; as, 

 Two-lobed, Three-lobed, Five-lobed, Many-lobed, &c. ; or Two-Five- 

 cleft, Many-cleft, &c., in Latin form Bifid, Trijid, Multifid, &c. ; 

 Two-jive-parted ', &c., according to the number of divisions 

 which extend almost to the base or axis ; Two-Five-divided (in 



