304 THE FRUIT. 



remarkable transformation into a seeming beny ; the few scales 

 cohering with each other as the}' grow and becoming fleshy at 

 maturity, completely enclosing a few bony-coated seeds. 



586. A Synopsis of the kinds of Fruit, as characterized in 

 this chapter, is appended. The analysis extends only to simple 

 fruits. For there are no commonly used special names of 

 kinds of Aggregate (579), Accessory (580), or Multiple (583) 

 fruits, except that of Strobile. 



SIMPLE FKUITS are 



Dry and dehiscent, monocarpellary, 



Opening by one (chiefly the ventral) suture, FOLLICLE. 



Opening by both sutures, LEGUME. 



Or transversely jointed, LOMENT. 



Dry and dehiscent, bi-pluri-carpellary, CAPSULE. 



When its dehiscence is circumscissile, PYXIS. 



When dehiscent by two valves from two parietal placentae, . . SILIQUE. 



A short and broad silique, SILICLE. 



Dry and bi-pluri-carpellary, splitting into one-seeded carpels, . SCHIZOCARP. 



The dimerous schizocarp of Umbelliferae, CREMOCARP. 



Each of its halves or carpels, HEMICARP or MERICARP. 



The akene-like or nut-like parts into which Schizocarps generally 



divide, NUCULES or NUTLETS. 



Dry and indehiscent, one-celled, one-two-seeded, 



Winged SAMARA. 



Wingless, and with the 



Thin pericarp consolidated with the seed, CARYOPSIS 



Thin pericarp loose and not filled by the seed, UTRICLE. 



Thick or hard pericarp free from the seed, 



Small, from a one-celled one-two-ovuled ovary, AKENE or ACHENIUM. 

 Larger, mostly from a two-several-celled and ovuled ovary, . NUT. 



Nut borne in a cupule or involucre, GLANS. 



Fleshy and indehiscent, 



Heterogeneous in texture, having 



A stone (putamen) or nutlets within an exterior sarcocarp, . DRUPE. 

 Papery or cartilaginous carpels in an inferior sarcocarp, . . POME. 

 A harder or firm rind or exterior, and soft interior, 



From an inferior ovary (confined to Gourd Family), . . . PEPO. 



From a superior ovary (confined to Orange Family), HESPERIDIUM. 



Homogeneous, fleshy throughout, BERRY. 



