(Facing Page 158.) 

 Fig-. 77. THE ABDOMINAL AORTA AND ITS PRINCIPAL BRANCHES. (From Quain, after 



Allen Thomson.) 



a, hyoid bone; b, pneumogastric nerves; c, c, c, trachea and bronchial tubes; d, 

 oesophagus; c, <?, lacteals and thoracic duct; /, /, azygos vein; g, kidneys; g' ', suprarenal 

 body; h, lumbar vertebra. I, I', I", thoracic aorta; II, abdominal aorta; 1, coronary arte- 

 ries; 2, innominate; 3, left common carotid; 4, left subclavian; 5, (on bronchial tubes) 

 bronchial arteries; 6, (on thoracic aorta) oesophageal arteries; 7, (in thorax) intercostal 

 arteries; 8, (on abdominal aorta) phrenic artery; 9, coeliac axis with gastric, splenic and 

 hepatic arteries cut short; 10, superior mesenteric artery; at same level the large renal 

 arteries; below 10 the spermatic arteries; 11, lumbar arteries; below II the inferior mes- 

 enteric artery. For explanation of figures in region of neck see the text. 



