440 APPENDIX. 



grants. Some are to be seen only in the first week, but others may 

 occur up to late dates, as the Black-throated Blue Warblers (30th), 

 Golden-crowned "Thrushes" (26th), Hummingbirds, (23d), and 

 White-bellied Swallows (28th). f The Red-winged Blackbirds gen- 

 erally leave the meadows, and associate in the grain and stubble- 

 fields, etc. ; the Wild Pigeons appear in large flocks ; $ and a major- 

 ity of birds are gregarious, particularly the White-bellied Swallows, 

 who, previous to their departure, often gather "upon the salt 

 marshes " " literally by millions." Even Hawks occasionally travel 

 in companies. In September, White-throated Sparrows and other 

 birds appear from the north. 



NOTE. It has generally been in autumn that accidental strag- 

 glers, whose usual habitat is more than a thousand miles away, have 

 occurred in Massachusetts. 



X. OCTOBER. 



During this month, the " Black-poll " Warblers, Brown Creepers, 

 Golden-crowned "Wrens," Nuthatches, Ruby-crowned "Wrens," 

 Rusty Blackbirds, Titlarks, Winter Wrens, and "Yellow-rump" 

 Warblers, are generally abundant ; and many winter birds arrive 

 from the north. In the latter part, the Sharp-tailed Finches and 

 many Song Sparrows finally disappear, and the Fox Sparrows come 

 from the north. About the 



1st, the Brown Thrushes, Red-eyed Vireos (latest date Oct. 3d), 

 and Towhee Buntings disappear, the Olive-backed Thrushes || arrive 

 from the north, and the Crow Blackbirds (as well as the variety of 

 Bronzed Blackbirds) wander about in large flocks. 



5th, the last Black-throated Green Warblers depart. 



10th, the last Pine Warblers (latest date, however, Oct. 16th) ^ 

 and Catbirds depart. 



15th, the " Chippers," Field Sparrows, Pewees (latest date, Oct. 

 16th), Wood Thrushes, and most of the Bluebirds, Cow-birds, 

 Meadow Larks, Purple Finches, Red-winged Blackbirds, and 

 Robins disappear. 



t These Swallows are often seen in || These Thrushes often appear in 



large numbers during the first two considerable numbers during the last 



weeks of October. W. B. week of September. W. B. 



} Alas ! they do so no longer. W. B. 1 Stragglers are occasionally seen 



Most of these species arrive in Sep- even later than this. W. B. 

 tember. W. B. 



