STUDIES OF VARIATION IN INSECTS 



259 



character, or certainly one not produced in response or reaction 

 to any direct environmental chromatic influence, or to any 

 selective influence, based on color pattern value, working during 

 the immature life of the individuals. 



A series of 1,031 individuals was classified on the basis of 

 variation in the character and number of the elytral spots (see 

 figs. 46 and 47) as follows : 



FIG. 47. Diagram showing var. in elytral pattern of the convergent lady- 

 bird, Hippodamia convergens / 1-5, vars. by reductions in number of spots dif- 

 fering in the two elytra ; 6-9, variations by additions of spots. 



Class A. With 12 spots (6 on each elytron) present and sep- 

 arate. (Total 900 individuals.) Subclass i : 536 individuals 

 with 12 spots present and separate, spots* i 1 and i r being slightly 

 larger than spots 2 1 , 2 r , 3 1 , 3% spots 4 1 , 4* about twice the size of 

 2 1 , 2 r and spots 5 1 , 5 r , 6 1 , 6 r , about equal in size to 4*, and 4 r . 

 Subclass 2: 211 individuals with spots 2 1 , 2 r , 3 1 , 3% reduced. 

 Subclass 3 : 106 individuals with spots i 1 , i r , 2 1 , 2 r , 3 1 , 3% re- 



*The small super letters /and r refer to left and right elytra respectively, 

 while the numbers i, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 refer to the six spots on each elytron as 

 present in the modal type (see fig. 46, i), i, 3, and 5 being the three spots in 

 the outer longitudinal series numbered from the front (above in the figures) 

 back, while 2, 4 and 6 are the spots of the inner longitudinal series. 



