INTRODUCTORY 3 



how the newest and most daring aspirations of 

 modern philosophy could be justified. 



Darwinism caused a great change in religious 

 and philosophical ideas : polemics became strong 

 and heated. Virchow accused Darwinism of lead- 

 ing directly to socialism. The German Darwinists, 

 including Haeckel, protested vehemently. From 

 the reasoning brought forward by both sides it was 

 clearly evident that, if transformism were given its 

 due weight, the relation it bears to the social 

 science was certainly not taken into account. It 

 is surprising that the great Herbert Spencer did 

 not discover the relation existing between the 

 two, as all his philosophy leads directly to the 

 new and much-wished-for social condition. In 

 his theory of evolution this worthy philosopher 

 arrives at super-organic organisms ; but on apply- 

 ing the law of evolution to humanity, an organism 

 of this kind, he does not arrive at fixing the precise 

 conclusion to which his own ideas ought to have 

 taken him. 



In the admirable study which he makes of the 

 intelligence, considering it as a natural, logical, and 

 exact consequence of what he calls " the law of 

 correspondence or concordance," it is shown that 

 intelligence is a product of natural laws. This 

 chapter sets forth, in my opinion, the ruin of the 

 present conception of property, and shows what 



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