206 Heredity. 



The same thing is true of the horns of ruminants. In 

 the hollow-horned species, as in cattle, they are not at 

 all uncommon in the females, although they are usually 

 much less important than they are in the males. 

 Among the antelopes the females of some species have 

 horns like the males; in other species they are somewhat 

 smaller in the female than they are in the male; in 

 others they are large in the male, but rudimentary in the 

 female, while in others they are entirely absent in the 

 female. 



In female deer they are usually absent entirely, but in 

 some they are rudimentary, and in the female reindeer 

 they are fully developed. It is interesting to note that 

 in females which normally lack them, they may be devel- 

 oped as the result of injury or disease of the reproduc- 

 tive organs, and that their development in the male may 

 be arrested by castration* 



