THE OUTPUT OF GREAT MEN 495 



output of great men whose labours have rendered their nations 

 illustrious. It will be found, no matter how fervently the priest- 

 hood inculcate a reverence for thrift, law and authority, that, of 

 any two communities, the more orthodox is almost invariably the 

 more poverty-stricken, the more turbulent, and the more savagely 

 governed. All orthodox communities are flourishing in proportion 

 to the number of heretics they include. Wherever the heretical 

 (e.g. Protestants) and the orthodox (e.g. Greek Churchmen) mingle 

 on equal terms, the former tend to be the more law-abiding and to 

 occupy the more responsible and lucrative posts, whereas the latter 

 tend to become hewers of wood and drawers of water. The great 

 men produced by orthodox communities are relatively very few, 



demonstrate, for example, the injurious effects of secular education, compare 

 material derived from localities (e.g. new colonies) that are undergoing rapid 

 change with data gathered from places where an old order standeth. Nor should 

 the statistics of the country be compared without reservation with those of the 

 town. Rural populations always tend to be the more law-abiding (see 523). 

 Here are some statistics of murder from an author (see Crime and its Causes, by 

 the Rev. W. D. Morrison) who attributes crime to climate, but who has neglected 

 to compare the relative amount of crime in Australasia and South America, both of 

 which have warm climates : 



The population of England and Wales is now in the neighbourhood of thirty-five 

 millions. Probably the Anglicans number about fifteen millions, the Noncon- 

 formists about the same, while the Roman Church claims'about a million and a half. 

 The prison population, March 28, 1906, was 21,580. Of, this total the Anglicans 

 are returned as contributing 16,089, the Nonconformists 1,094, and tne Catholics 

 4,397 (Parliamentary Return on Prisons, Religious Creeds of Prisoners, April 

 1906). Doubtless, the numbers assigned to the Anglicans are too high and those 

 to the Nonconformists too low. Prisoners, like soldiers, tend to " follow the band." 

 In Scotland, at the same date, Catholics, a small^minority, contributed 971 to a 

 prison population of 2,812. 



