CONTENTS. vn 



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into space. All worlds must eventually become cold 

 and solid. Then, from the arrest of motion by friction 

 in space, they must fall into each other. Motion stop- 

 ped is again transformed into heat, arid all matter is 

 again expanded into gases with its original endowment 

 of heat. Thus the never ending succession of world 

 formation and world destruction. - 69 



ON THE STRUCTURE OF ATOMS. 



Atoms in uniting to form compounds divide themselves into 

 various fractions, at least up to twelfths. Instances 

 and a table given. The composite structure of atoms 

 inferred from each separate kind producing its own 

 characteristic bands in the spectrum. Also inferred 

 from the remarkable property of " specific heat," and 

 from other peculiar chemical principles. A mixture 

 of gases of all weights is found in each of the planets. 

 The existence of hydrogen, the lightest of all the ele- 

 ments, in the inner planets and notably in the sun, can 

 only be accounted for on the supposition that it has been 

 newly created in those bodies. 79 



EVOLUTION THE RESULT OF CHEMICAL FORCES; 



OR, " EVIDENCES OF DESIGN IN EVOLUTION." - - The quanti- 

 ties and affinities of the elements that compose the 

 earth might just as well, on the doctrine of chances, 

 have varied in any number of ways that would have 

 failed to produce a habitable world.. The exceptional 

 properties of water alone prove adaptation in the for- 

 mation of the elements. The power of the atoms of 

 carbon to unite in hundreds and to hold together hun- 

 dreds of other atoms in one molecule of protoplasm is 

 both the condition and cause of organic life. r W herein 

 the Darwinian theory fails to account for the facts of 

 organic development. It acts and can act only within 

 very narrow limits. The great advances from one 

 order to another were always sudden, with no interme- 

 diate links. Examples from the quadruped orders. - 

 Marsupials particularly described. The lowest races of 

 mankind do not approach the ape species in brain size 

 or in any physical peculiarity. How and to what ex- 

 tent the increasing complexity of carbon compounds 

 explains the progress of evolution. 91 



