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had its prol'essois and disciples, but without any 

 reciprocation of benefits, or scarcely the recognition 

 of affinity. Science was cultivated as an abstract 

 mental embellishment, rather than to facilitate the 

 labors of the artist, while the arts have been prac- 

 tised, unaided by the instructions of science. The 

 latter was deemed too ctherial and sacred, to pass 

 even beyond the seclusions of philosophy, save in a 

 language which was unintelligible to the multitude ; 

 and the uninitiated operator accomplished his work, 

 ignorant that he was successfully performing an 

 experiment, which depended on established theoret- 

 ical principles, as the scientific was incapable of 

 illustrating the correctness of his theory, by actual 

 experiment. There was an ostentatious display of 

 intelligence without practical utility, while the useful, 

 unaided by intelligence, was but imperfectly prac- 

 tised. But more comprehensive and liberal views 

 are now entertained, and it is the enlightened policy 

 of modern instruction, to effect a re-union of science 

 and art, of theory and practice. We behold philoso- 

 phy directing the labors of the work-shop, and prac- 

 tical mechanics giving instruction in the halls of 

 science. The happy consequences of this moral 

 revolution — its exhilarating influence on all the eco- 

 nomical, as well as the ornamental arts, are apparent, 

 in the unparalleled prosperity of those nations, which 

 have taken the lead in the development of the mind, 

 the encouragement of industry, and the prudential 

 management of their natural resources. 



Chemistry has taught the manufacturer the mode 

 of ascertaining the causes, which so often disappoint- 



!M 



