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color, they are not readily distinguished from the leaves 

 under which they reside, and upon which they subsist. 

 When they have completed the feeding stage, they quit 

 the plants, and retire beneath palings, or the edges of 

 stones, or into the interstices of walls, suspend them- 

 selves by the tail and a loop around the body, and be- 

 come pupae. This state lasts eleven days, at the ex- 

 piration of which the insect comes forth a butterfly, 

 which, during the month of August, lays the foundation 

 for a second generation, and perishes. The caterpil- 

 lars of the second brood become pupae or chrysalids 

 in the autumn, and remain in this form until the next 

 spring. In gardens and fields infested by these cater- 

 pillars, boards should be placed horizontally an inch or 

 two above the surface of the ground ; these would 

 form a tempting shelter for the pupae, and render it 

 easy for the farmer to collect and destroy them. ' 



Another American butterfly,* originally appropriated 

 to our native umbellate plants, has discovered the 

 natural affinities of those of foreign origin, and made 

 them subservient to the support of its progeny. The 

 carrot, parsley, and celery of the garden appear now 

 to be more subject to its attacks, than the conium and 

 cicuta of the fields, though these troublesome and 

 poisonous weeds are suffered to grow in unchecked 

 abundance. This butterfly is one of our most common 

 species ; it is of large size, of a black color, ornament- 

 ed above with yellow, and beneath with tawny spots ; 

 and the caterpillar, from which it proceeds, is a pale 

 green, smooth worm, checkered with black and yellow 



* Papilio asterias. F. 



