186 CONTAGIOUS DISEASES OF DOMESTICATED ANIMALS. 



about like mudmen, and although the streets are very wide and rarely 

 crowded, yet the pedestrian who attempts to cross must keep a sharp 

 lookout or he will be ruu over. The cab-horses of this city are a sorry, 

 rougii looking lot, which I attribute mainly to their bad usage. The 

 drivers of the cart-horses do not seem to be quite so unmerciful, but 

 throughout all Paris the prevalent idea with a driver seems to be, that 

 a horse was made to use and to abuse. Even in the Percheron breeding 

 districts I noticed traces of this same feeling, and here also I noticed 

 the most striking lack of a knowledge of the value of cleanliness in the 

 management of a horse. The French are miserable groomers ; their 

 horses are filthy and dirty, and are left mainly to take care of themselves, 

 so far as cleanliness is concerned. 



THE HAMBURG INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION. 



From Paris I went direct to Hamburg to visit the exposition, or "In- 

 ternational Show," as it was called, which opened July 2. It was in 

 many respects a disappointment. In some features it was equal to an 

 ordinary Ohio, Illinois, or Iowa State Fair, but in many others it was 

 far behind the usaal annual exhibit in those states. In the single feat- 

 ure of dairy stock it was great ; and I never had so high an apprecia- 

 tion of the quality of the Dutch- Friesian or Holstein cattle as since see- 

 ing them at this show. It is, however, so far as I can learn, the best 

 exhibition of the kind ever held on the continent, the number of entries 

 largely exceeding those of the Paris Exposition of 1878. 



The "classes" were legion. There were 56 classes for horses find 

 mules, with 424 entries ; 141 classes for cattle, with 902 entries ; 88 

 classes for sheep, with 728 entries ; and 50 classes for pigs, with 277 

 entries — certainly classes enough and entries enough to make a grand 

 show. But, unfortunately, many of the entry numbers were blank, a 

 condition of things which seems inseparable from the system of num- 

 bering and cataloguing an exhibition of this nature in advance of the 

 opening. 



The various breeds of live stock of Germany and of Northern Europe 

 generally were well represented, with the exception of those of Russia, 

 from which country I was not able to find anything. In this I was dis- 

 appointed, as I had hoped to see a good representation of the famous 

 Orloff trotting horses. The show of draft-horses was scarcely worth 

 mentioning. There were a few creditable specimens of the English cart- 

 horse, and some draft-horses from Belgium, but none worthy of esjjecial 

 notice. The government breeding studs, of Germany, were pretty well 

 represented with horses of the thoroughbred type f very fair specimens, 

 but in no wise remarkable. In short, the horse-exhibit generally 

 impressed me as a heterogeneous mass of no especial excellence in any 

 particular. There were some dun ponies, from Norway, about 14 1-2 

 hands high, very heavily built, and blocky — enormous draft horses in 

 miniature, that were much admired. There were no French horses on 



