CONTAGIOUS DISEASES OF DOMESTICATED ANIMALS. 2 23 



the luoutb of Juue, this year, Botkiu bought a miniber of sows and 

 pigs, took them home and i)hiced them in the same pasture tliat held 

 his hogs last year. Within a month his hogs began to manifest evi- 

 dences of disease. As there were none in a dying condition when 1 

 saw them, I requested the privilege of killing one for examination. 

 Mr. Botkin willingly granted the re(iuest, and caught a 2-months- 

 old boar i)ig. He i)resented the following symptoms: pulse, weak 

 and compressible; temperature, 100'^ F.; considerable swelling across 

 the nasal bones, posterior to the wares; a large ulcer, one inch in 

 diameter, opposite the first molar tooth in the superior maxilla, form- 

 ing a deep cavity in the tissues covering the alveola; this ulcer was of 

 an unhealthy, foul, and sloughing character. Several small ulcers were 

 present on the tongue, possessing well defined borders, surrounded by 

 a darkened, brownish-red areola; a very offensive odor was emitted 

 from the mouth. Several abscesses and ulcers of variable sizes, from 

 that of a pea to a silver quarter of a dollar were discovered on the 

 abdominal surface, and one large and deep ulcer immediately about the 

 coronet of the right fore foot. (Several other hogs on the place pre- 

 sented similar synii)toms to this one, but not so far advanced, the first 

 and most prominent symptom being that of the swelling across the 

 nose, accompanied by more or less snuffimg.) They continued to eat, 

 and do not lose flesh very rapidly ; a few of them suffer by diarrhea, 

 and colliquative diarrhea sets in before death takes place. (There is 

 no special tendency to hide in the litter, nor is there any roseate blush 

 present at any time during the progress of the disease, as there is in 

 true hog cholera.) I severed the jugular vein and carotid artery on 

 one side of the neck and bled it to death, then removed the wall of the 

 chest and abdomen. 1 discovered a greenish yellow serum in the ab- 

 dominal cavity ; heart pale and'flaccid ; lower lobes of lungs in a par- 

 tial state of hepatization, abscesses and tul)ercles being distributed 

 throughout the affected parts. The stomach presented two extensive, 

 irregular-shaped ulcers, api)arently in process of healing, one of them 

 measuring two inches in length; they were covered with a yellowish 

 deposit of i)us, mucus, and feed mixed, which was strongly adherent to 

 the surface of tlie ulcers. The intestines contained a great number of 

 long worms, ascaris suillce, and the intestinal glands presented a thick- 

 ened, infiltrated, tuberculotic condition. Tlie liver was enlarged to 

 three times the normal size, was of a light olive yellow color, and nu- 

 merous small abscesses were found within the structure of the organ ; the 

 biliary du(;ts were literally filled with worms of the same species as 

 were iound in the intestinal (;anal. The worms in the liver obstructed 

 the flow of bile. The gall bladder was filled wirii l)right green colored 

 bile, thinner and lighter in color than normal. The urine bladder con- 

 tained three ounces of light green colored urine; kidneys were en- 

 larged, softened, and partially disintegrated, presenting an olive^green 

 color. The fat, and also all of the internal viscera, ])reseiite<l an icteric 



