30 CONTROL SERIES No. 63 



of the experiment, the difficulty was partly removed by collecting the blood 

 samples in tubes containing sodium citrate solution. 



On the seventeenth day of the experiment, one bird, infected through the 

 ocular route, displayed inappetence. On the succeeding day, somnolence, marked 

 depression and weakness were displayed, which were followed by death. Necropsy 

 revealed pnuemonic lungs, slightly enlarged and firm liver, enlarged and friable 

 spleen, and extensive acute enteritis, with which was associated a very offensive 

 odor. 5. pullorum was recovered from the heart blood, liver, spleen, lungs, 

 duodenum, and peritoneum. This strain as well as other .strains isolated in these 

 experiments was identified by morphological, biochemical, tinctorial, and sero- 

 logical characteristics. The serum titer extended beyond the dilution of 1 :327,680. 



The remaining birds were killed and necropsied 17 weeks after the first 

 exposure. Cultiu'e material was taken from the following organs or tissues: 

 pericardial fluid, hver, bile, spleen, testes, peritoneum, and intestine. No gross 

 lesions were observed and S. pullorum was not isolated. 



Group II was divided into three lots. An infective agent prepared from the 

 same strain of 5. pullorum and in the same manner as that used in Group I was 

 employed. The first exposure was on March 25. Each bird received 15 consecu- 

 tive daily doses, as follows: Lot A (3 birds, Nos. 954, 955, and 956) was fed 5 cc. 

 with a pipette, which was inserted into the esophagus; Lot B (1 bird. No. 957) 

 was inoculated intraperitoneally with 1 cc. of the suspension; and Lot C (2 

 birds, Nos. 958 and 959) was exposed by instilling 2 drops, approximately 0.03 

 cc, of a suspension into the eye. No clinical manifestations were observed at 

 any time during the experiment. All birds were tested in dilutions of 1:10 and 

 higher by the tube agglutination test at frequent intervals. Table 8 shows that 

 doubtful agglutination was observed in 1 bird on the third day after exposure, 

 and on the sixth day all but 1 bird possessed specific agglutinins. Approximately 

 3 weeks after the first exposure, the birds were placed together in a house (8 x 12 

 feet in size) which was provided with a screen porch of similar size. An effort 

 was made to produce a favorable environment, which would stimulate egg 

 production. Furthermore, if eggs were obtained they were to be subjected to 

 bacteriological examination in order to determine whether the organism was 

 being eliminated by reacting birds. Unfortunately, no eggs were laid during the 

 course of the experiment, although at the time of necropsy a few birds showed 

 ovarian development. 



Jellied blood samples were encountered and the difficulty was corrected in 

 the same manner as in Group I. The agglutination titers in the majority of 

 cases attained their peak between the third and fourth weeks after the first 

 exposure. From then on to the termination of the experiment, a rapid diminu- 

 tion in titers was observed in all but 1 bird which was inoculated by the intra- 

 peritoneal method. All birds were killed and necropsied approximately 12 weeks 

 after the first exposure. Culture material was selected from the pericardial fluid, 

 liver, bile, spleen, peritoneum, ovary, oviduct, and intestine. No significant 

 lesions were found except in bird 959, which had one hemorrhagic ovule and 

 yolk material in the abdominal cavity. .S. pullorum was isolated from the yolk 

 material and ovary. The organism was not isolated from the other 5 birds. 



Pheasant 



Twelve female pheasants, {Phasianus iorquatus) one and two years old, were 

 employed. Each bird was placed in a separate cage. All birds were found nega- 

 tive to the tube agglutination test. The infective agent used contained the same 

 strain and was prepared at the same time and in the same manner as that em- 

 ployed for the guinea fowl in Group II. The birds were divided into four groups 

 and each bird was ex-posed as follows: Group I (4 birds, 29, 31, 35, and 39) was 



