23 



Cottonseed meal 

 Linseed meal 

 Corn gluten meal 

 Corn gluten feed 

 Cocoanut oil meal 

 Soy bean meal 

 Peanut oil meal 

 Corn germ oil meal 

 Distillers grains 



Low Grade 



Oat feed 



Clipped oat by-product 

 Grain screenings 

 Cocoa bean meal 

 Postnm residue 



Hi^h Grade. 



Brewers grains 

 Malt grains 

 Wheat bran 

 Wheat middlings 

 Corn meal 

 Corn feed meal 

 Ground oats 

 Ground barley 

 Hominy feed 



Beet pulp 

 Molasses 

 Alfalfa meal 

 Buckwheat feed 

 Malt sprouts 

 Pea meal 

 Ground fish 

 Toasted wheat feed 



Mineral 



Salt 



Calcium carbonate (limestone) 



Bone meal 



Bone charcoal 



Charcoal 



The law requires, with few exceptions, that feeding stuffs carry a guarantee 

 showing not only the chemical analysis, but also a list of ingredients of which 

 the feed is composed. With this information the purchaser should be able 

 to decide upon the value of the feed for his particular need. Mixtures con- 

 taining low grade and inferior ingredients should sell at a price commensurate 

 with their composition. 



Horse and Stock Feeds. Feeds of this character usually contain oat 

 feed as a base, together with products of higher feeding value, in order to 

 render the oat feed more salable. The attempt to use a maximum amount 

 of oat feed tends to an overrun in fiber content. Of the one hundred and 

 four samples examined, thirteen showed a variation from guarantee, in most 

 instances an excess of fiber. 



Molasses Feeds (less than 12 per cent protein). In this group are 

 found many feeds intended for horses, together with an occasional so-called 

 dairy feed. The horse feeds usually consist of corn, oats, alfalfa, and mo- 

 lasses, to which other ingredients are sometimes added. 



The four dairy feeds listed in this group — International Sugared Dairy 

 Feed, Universal Ration, Blue Seal Special Dairy Feed, and Whittemore's 

 Dairy Ration — all contained low-grade products and were probably sold 

 in order to meet the demand for a cheap feed. With the exception of the 

 International brand, all failed to meet their protein guarantees. 



Purina Steer Fatena, if used for the purpose indicated by its name, can 

 find very little demand in Massachusetts. 



Poultry Feeds. 



No great deficiencies were noted in the various kinds and brands of poultry 

 feeds collected, except in the case of one sample of Rauh's Meato, which ran 

 8.3 per cent below its protein guarantee. Narragansett Egg Mash ran con- 

 sistently, but not seriously, below its protein guarantee. It is evident that 

 the protein guarantee on this product should be revised. 



In accordance with, standards adopted by the Association of Feed Control 

 Officials,* animal by-products containing more than 10 per cent phosphoric 

 acid are designated as meat and bone; those containing less than 10 per cent, 

 as meat. The products collected are, therefore, divided into these groups 

 irrespective of brand name. An attempt was made to determine by chemi- 

 cal methods the condition of the raw material from which the scrap was 

 rendered, but without satisfactory result. 



While meat scrap is usually purchased for its protein content, in view of 

 recent investigations it is possible that a scrap containing some bone, and 

 consequently a higher percentage of calcium and phosphorus, is to be pre- 

 ferred to the pure meat product in poultry feeding, although the pure meat 

 products are usually made of cleaner materials and carry a higher protein 

 content. 



Microscopic Examination of Feeding Stuffs. 



Six hundred and sixty-eight of the prepared feeds collected were examined 

 under the microscope in order to determine if the ingredients contained 



