CONTENTS. 



I. Introduction. Bacteria or Schizomycetes and Fungi. Struc- 

 ture of the Bacterium-cell . . . : . . . i 



II. Cell-forms, cell-unions, and cell-groupings .... 9 



III. Course of development. Endosporous and Arthrosporous 



Bacteria . . . ...'*. . . 15 



IV, Species of Bacteria. Distinct species denied. The grounds 

 for this denial insufficient. Method of investigation. 

 Relationships of the Bacteria and their position in the 

 system 24 



V. Origin and distribution of Bacteria . . . . . 37 



VI. Vegetative processes. External conditions : temperature and 

 material character of the environment. Practical ap- 

 plication of these in cultures, in disinfection, and in 

 antisepsis . . . . . ' Y Y . 49 



VII. Relation to and effect upon the substratum. Saprophytes 

 and Parasites. Saprophytes as exciting decompositions 

 and fermentations. Characteristic qualities of Forms 

 exciting fermentation . . . . . . . 64 



VIII. Most important examples of Saprophytes. The nomenclature 

 explained. Aquatic Saprophytes: Crenothrix, Cladothrix, 

 Beggiatoa; other aquatic forms . . -. . .- . 7 2 



IX. Saprophytes which excite fermentation. Fermentations of 

 urea. Nitrification. Acetous fermentation. Viscous 

 fermentations. Formation of lactic acid. Kefir. Bacillus 

 Amylobacter. Decompositions of proteid. Bacterium 

 Termo 83 



X. Parasitic Bacteria. The phenomena of parasitism . . 107 



