LKCT. VI.] THE STEM. ITS DIRECTION. 247 



b. Declined (declinatus,redinatus), when the 

 lower part of the stem rises obliquely from the 

 ground ; but the upper bends towards it, form- 

 ing an arch * ; as in that of the Fig-tree, Ficus 

 carica. 



c. Incurvated (incurvus), when the stem 

 rises and bends as in the former; but with 

 the apex turned inwards, as in that of the com- 

 mon Bramble, Rubusfruticosus. 



3. SUPPORTED (fulcratus) (fig. e). A supported 



stem appears as if 



u were p r pp ed b y 



a number of other 

 stems that surround 

 it, inclining towards 

 each other, at their 

 summits, until they 

 seem engrafted into 

 the base of the stem 

 which they support: 

 as in the Mangrove, 

 Rhizophora mangle^-. 

 This curious appearance is occasioned by the 



* " Reclinatus, arcuatim versus terram ; Ficus." Phil. 

 Bot. 82. 6. 



fThis species of Rhizophora is found in Asia, Africa, 

 and South America, growing in marshy and flooded flats, in. 

 creeks, and at the mouths of rivers. 



R 4 



