LECT. IX.] HYBERNACULA CAULINAR BULBS. 459 



leaf-bulbs also; so as still to secure its preserva- 

 tion should its flowers be accidentally destroyed. 



Such are the separating Hybernacula. Al- 

 though they resemble seeds in containing within 

 them a perfect embryon, yet, like that contained 

 in the attached buds, which we are now about to 

 examine, it is an offset or continuation only of the 

 parent, and not a renewal of the species. Many 

 of these plants which have been improperly named 

 imperfect, as for example the Confervas and 

 Lichens, are supposed to be propagated by no 

 other means; but as the plants thus produced dis- 

 play not only the essential, but the accidental cha- 

 racteristics of the parent, I am disposed to believe, 

 as I have already stated, that the " propagation 

 " by seed is, in their case," by no means, " out 

 " of the question *." 



The attached Hybernaculum, or bud, or 

 GEM -|~, as it is more generally termed, is a small 

 oval or pyramidal body, enclosing the rudiments 



* Elements of the Philosophy of Plants, by A. P. Decan- 

 dolle and K. Sprengel, 302, Eng. Trans. 



f The ancients used the terms Germen and Oculus to denote 

 those buds which contain the rudiments of branches and leaves, 

 and Gemma those in which flowers only are contained ; but by 

 the moderns, Germen has been applied to denote the rudiment 

 of the fruit ; thus, Linnaeus, Germen rudimentum fructus im- 

 maturi in flore (Phil. Bot. $96), or as a generic term for all 

 buds (see Gaertner de FructibusJ, while Gemma is employed 

 exclusively to indicate caulinar buds. 



