62 ENDOSMOSE. L.ECT. III. 



stated, and pass on to the observations we have made when 

 using membranes which we have placed in the second class; 

 namely, the stomach of the lamb, the dog, and the cat, and 

 the gizzard of the fowl. 



In all our experiments we carefully removed every por- 

 tion of muscular fibre from these organs before applying 

 them to the endosmometers ; so that we used the mucous 

 membrane only. The greatest number of our experiments 

 were made with stomachs taken from these animals imme- 

 diately after death : where it was otherwise, we shall men- 

 tion it. 



Stomach of the Lamb. In using the stomach of the lamb, 

 prepared, as we have already stated, with a solution of sugar 

 in the interior of the two endosmometers, and placing the 

 membrane with its internal surface (namely, that which is 

 naturally turned towards the interior of the cavity of the 

 stomach) directed towards the interior of the instrument, 

 the elevation of the liquid was 56 millimetres in one case, 

 and 54 in another ; but in the reverse position of the mem- 

 brane it was 72 millimetres in the first, and 66 in the second. 

 These two experiments lasted but one hour and a quarter; 

 endosmose was then favoured by employing a solution of 

 sugar, and was directed from the interior to the exterior of 

 the stomach. 



The contrary takes place in making use of the solution 

 of white of egg. When this liquid was in contact with the 

 internal surface of the stomach, it rose in the instrument 

 23, 28, and 35 millimetres in the space of two hours as 

 usual. 



But when we introduced into the endosmometers a solu- 

 tion of gum Arabic, the elevation in the two opposite po- 

 sitions of the membrane was sometimes nothing, sometimes 

 equal, and only 8 millimetres in the two instruments ; in 

 some cases there was in one, 12 millimetres, when the in- 



