A SYNOPSIS OF THE VEGETABLE KINGDOM. 



13 



Date or shortly 

 2-lobed : cotyle- 

 dons straight. .. 

 G. Silique stipitate. ..32. Stanleya. 



GG. Silique sessile 



H. Sepals equal. ....3.'?. Smelowskia. 

 HH. Sepals unequal. . .34. Erysimum. 



13. CArrARlDACE.E. 



A. Fruit capsuhir, 1-loculed : 



herbs 



B. Torus short, often pro- 

 duced into a posterior 



appendage 1 Cleome. 



BB. Torus long, produced into 

 a gynophore which is 

 elongated at the middle 

 and bears the pistil to 

 which tile filaments are 



united 2. Gtnaxdropsis. 



AA. Fruit berry-like or drupe- 

 like 



B. Lvs. simple 3. Cappari.s. 



BB. Lvs. with 3 Itts 4. Ceat.eva. 



14. RESEDACE.E. 



Petals 4-7, 2— many-cut : cap- 

 sule 3-lobed at apex 1. Reseda. 



15. CISTACE.E. 



A. PlacentiB and valves 5. rare- 

 ly 3 : embryo circinate 

 or spiral : fls. solitary or 

 cymose, rarely racemose. . 14. CiSTUS. 

 AA. Placentae and valves 3 : 

 embryo biplicate, runci- 

 nate or circumflex : fls. 

 commonly racemose 2. Helianthemum. 



16. VIOLACE.E. 



A. Sepals subequal, produced 

 at base : lower petal 



spurred or saccate 1. Viola. 



AA. Sepals not produced at base. 



B. Lower petal with a very 



large spur : seeds com- 



planate 2. COKVXOSTYLI.S. 



BB. Lower petal merely gib- 

 Ijous : seeds obovoid-sub- 

 globose 3. Solea. 



17. BIXACE.^D. 



A. Fls. hermaphrodite : petals 

 ample, convolute : anthers 



oblong 1. BiXA. 



AA. Fls. polygamous : petals 

 and sepals strongly imbri- 

 cate, the former larger 

 and very numerous : an- 

 thers linear 2. Oncoba. 



AAA. Fls. hermaphrodite, rarely 

 polygamous or dioecious : 



petals 



B. Stamens numerous 3. Azara. 



BB. Stamens 5-10 



c. The sepals imbricate or 



minute 



D. Fr. a woody capsule. 4. Carrieria. 



DD. Fr. a berry 



E. Sepals 4-5 : ovary 

 2-8-loculed : styles 



2-8 5. Flacodetia. 



EE. Sepals 4-6 : placen- 

 t!B 2-6 : style en- 

 tire, or 2-6-lobed 

 or almost absent. .6. Xylos.\ia. 

 EEE. Sepals 5 : placentae 

 and styles 5, (3- 

 6) spreading. ...7. Idesia. 

 cc. The sepals hardly im- 

 bricated. 8. Aberia. 



18. PITTOSPORACE.i:. 



A. Fruit Indehiscent 



B. Filaments longer than an- 

 thers : petals more or 

 less connivent from the 



base to beyond the mid- 

 dle 1. BiLLARDIERA. 



BB. Filaments shorter than 

 anthers : petals spread- 

 ing from the base. ... 2. Sollva. 

 AA. Fruit a capsule which is 

 loculicidally dehiscent. . . 

 B. Capsule thick-coriaceous : 



seeds numerous 



c. Seeds not winged, thick 

 or slightly compress- 

 ed 3. PiTTOSPORDM. 



cc. Seeds winged, flat, com- 

 pressed, horizontal.. .4. IIymenosporom. 

 BB. Capsule thinly coria- 

 ceous : seeds 1-2 in 

 each locule, compressed, 

 not winged, vertical. ..5. Bur.saria. 



19. TEBMANDRACE.E. 



A. Anthers 2-celled, or 4-celled 



in 2 series 1. Tethatiieca. 



AA. Anthers 4-celled in 1 series. 2. Platvtheca. 



20. polygalace.i:. 



Sepals 2 very large, wing- 

 shaped : anthers 8 : capsule 

 compressed, not horned. . . 1. Polygala. 



21. CARYOPHYLLACE.E. 



A. Sepals coalesced into a 

 toothed or lobed calyx : 

 petals and stamens hy- 

 pogynous, being raised 

 with the ovary on a gyn- 

 ophore, rarely sessile, 

 petals with or without 

 scale at the apex of the 



claw 



B. Ililum facial : embryo 



straight 



c. Calyx tubular, multi- 



striate 1. Dianthos. 



cc. Calyx top-shaped or 

 long-tubular, 5- or 

 1.')- ribbed : plants and 



fls. smaller 2. Tunica. 



BB. Ililum lateral: embryo 



peripheral 



c. Calyx 10-nerved, rarely 

 with many parallel- 

 nerves 



D. Styles commonly 3 ; 

 capsule shortly 6— 



or 3-valved 3. Silenb. 



DD. Styles commonly 5 or 

 4 ; capsule shortly 

 10-5 or 8-4-valved.4. Lychnis. 

 cc. Calyx obscurely veined. 5. Saponaria. 

 CCC. Calyx broadly or ob- 

 scurely 5-nerved. ..6. Gypsophila. 

 AA. Sepals free or only coalesced 

 at the very base : petals 

 and stamens hypogynous 

 on a short torus or us- 

 ually very shortly peri- 



gynous 



B. Stipules small, scarious..7. Spergula. 



BB. Stipules 



c. Valves (or rather teeth) 

 of the capsule twice 

 as man.y as the 



styles 8. Cera.sticm. 



cc. Valves of the capsule 

 as many as the 



styles 



D. Petals 2-fid. styles 



commonly 3 !). Stellaria. 



DD. Petals entire : styles 



commonly 3 10. Arexaria. 



DDD. Petals entire or : 

 styles as many as 

 the sepals 11. Sagina. 



22. PORTULACACEiE. 



A. Ovary cohering below with 



the calyx tube 1. PORTULACA. 



AA. Ovary free from the calyx.. 



