A SYNOPSIS OF THE VEGETABLE KINGDOM. 



33 



style branches truncate 

 or appendaged : pappus 

 usually of bristles: Ivs. 

 mostly alternate : inner 

 involucral bracts in one 

 series, subequal, the outer 

 ones smaii or wantinn, 

 or rarely all Imbricate in 



numerous series 9. Se.necio Tkibe. 



Receptacle naked : style 

 branches truncate or the 

 style of the sterile tls. un- 

 divided : pappus absent or 

 wool-like: Ivs. usual- 

 Ill alternate or ratliral: 

 involucral bracts in 1-- 



series, subequal. narrowAO. Calendila Tribe. 

 Receptacle naked, chaffy or 

 alveolate : style i>ranches 

 rounded at apex, obtuse 

 or rarely truncate or the 

 style of the sterile fls. 

 undivided : pappus ab- 

 sent, or chaffy or crown- 

 shaped : Ivs. radical or al- 

 ternate: involucral bracts 

 in an indefinite number 

 of series, often scarious 



at apex or spinescent. . . . 1 1. Arctotis Tribe. 

 Series II. L.abiat.eflor.h. 

 Corollas of all or only of 

 the hermaphrodite fls. bila- 

 biate 12. Mi'TisiA Tribe. 



Series III. Liolliilor.t;. 

 Corollas all ligulate and 



flowers hermaphrodite 11. Cichorium Tribe. 



1. Ver.noxia Tribe. 

 A. Genus anomalous with en- 

 larged palmately quasi- 

 ligulate outer corollas...]. Stokesia. 

 AA. Genus normal with tubular 



5-lobed corollas 2. Verxoxia. 



2. EuPATORiriM Tribe. 



A. Anthers truncate at apex, 

 not appendaged : akenes 

 5-angled. secondary ribs 



not prominent 3. Piqueria. 



AA. Anthers appendaged 



B. Akenes .5-ribbed. no secon- 

 dary ribs visible 



c. Pappus wholly of capil- , 



lary bristles. 



D. Involucral bracts 4.. 4. Mikania. 

 DD. Involucral bracts 



more than 4 o. Ei'patorium. 



(see also Con- 

 oclinium.) 

 cc. Pappus chaffy, awned, 

 blunt or crown- 

 shaped 0. Agerato.m. 



bb. Akenes 10-ribbed, (rarely 

 7-S-ribbed ) , secondary 



ribs conspicuous 



C. Involucral bracts not 

 herbaceous, striate- 

 nerved, conspicuously 



so when dry 7. Brickellia. 



cc. Involucral bracts some- 

 w-hat herbaceous or 

 partly colored, in- 

 conspicuously striate 



if at all 



D. The outer bracts suc- 

 cessively shorter. ...S. Liatris. 

 DD. The bracts nearly all 



equal in length. . . . 0. Trilisa. 



3. I XI' la Tribe. 



A. The fls. containing both 

 stamens and pistil all 

 sterile : heads monoecious 



or dioecious 



b. Pappus bristles united at 



the base in a ring 



c. Heads strictly dioecious : 

 corymbose : rarely 



solitary .10. Axtenxaria. 



cc. Heads containing one 

 or both sexes, monre- 

 c i o u s or dioecious. 



crowded in a small 

 cluster or cyme sur- 

 rounded by a long 

 conspicuous i n V 1- 



ucre 11. Leontopodium. 



BB. Pappus bristles free 12. Anafhalis. 



AA. The fls. containing both sta- 

 mens and style usually 



fertile 



b. Heads composed only of 

 disc fls., few fld. in 

 a head and the heads 

 crowded into a head- 

 like glomerule 'which 



has an involucre 13. MVRIOCErHALCS. 



BB. Heads composed of disc 

 fls. only, but the in- 

 voluci'al bracts often 

 petal-like, sometimes 



scarious 



c. Pappus 14. IIUMEA. 



cc. Pappus crown-or cup- 

 shaped ]•"). Ammobium. 



ccc. Pappus bristly 



D. Akenes not beaked. . . 

 E. Bristles often plu- 

 mose at base. ...ifl. Helipterum. 

 EE. Bristles smooth, 

 scarious, barbed 

 or plumose at 



apex 17. Helichrysum. 



DD. Akenes beaked 18. Waitzia. 



BBB. Heads composed of both 



rays and disc fls 



C. Style branches trun- 

 cate 19. PODOLEPIS. 



cc. Style branches linear, 

 a little wider, round- 

 ed or obtuse at apex, 

 D. Involucral bracts not 

 all alike, the outer 



usually herbaceous. 20. Bi'PHTHALMUm. 

 DD. Involucral bracts all 



alike 21. Ixi la. 



4. CVNARA Tribe. 



A. Heads 1-fld.. aggregated into 



larger heads 22. Echixops. 



AA. Heads several-fld 



B. The heads separate 23. Xeraxthemum. 



BB. The heads aggregated. ... 

 c. Parts of the pappus in 



1 series 24. Carlixa. 



cc. Parts of the pappus in 



several series 



D. Akenes affixed b.v a 

 straight or hardly 

 oblique ai'eola. . . . 

 e. Filaments glabrous : 

 pappus bristles 

 falling off sepa- 

 rately 25. Arctium. 



EE. Filaments papillose- 

 pilose : pappus 

 bristles inserted 

 at the base of a 

 ring which falls 

 off with them. .. . 

 F. Involucral bracts 

 ending in a 

 simple spine or 



short awn 26. Cxicns. 



G. Receptacle se- 

 tose 



GG. R e c e p t a c le 

 ha r d I y se- 

 tose 27. OXOPORDON. 



FP. Involucral bracts 

 ending in a lan- 

 ceolate or broad 

 rigid appendage 

 which is usually 



spinescent 28. Ctxara. 



DD. Akenes affixed by an 

 oblique or lateral 



areola 



E. Outer involucral 



bracts foliaceous, 



spiny-dentate. . .. 



F. Pappus in 2 



series : outer of 



10 awns, inner 



