34 



A SYNOPSIS OF THE VEGETABLE KINGDOM. 



of 10 slender 



bristles 29. Carbenia. 



FF. Papp.v chaffy or 



30. Caethamds. 



EH. Outer invol. bracts 



not foliaceous. . . 31. Centaobea. 



5. A.sTr:u Tribe. 



A. Heads dicecious and com- 

 posed wholly o£ disc fls.32. Baccharis. 



AA, Heads not dioecious 



B. Color of fls. yellow 



c. Rays absent 33. Bigelovia. 



cc. Rays present 



D. The pappus composed 

 of long pale;e. 

 which are some- 

 times reduced to a 



crown 34. GcTiEnnEZiA. 



DD. The pappus not as in 



D 



E. I'appus bristles few, 



(4-8) 



F. Involucral bracts 

 1 n 8 series. 

 1 e a t h e ry, or 

 scarious at 



apex 35. Grindelia. 



FF. Involucral bracts 

 in 2-3 series, 

 scarious at mar- 

 gin 36. PENTACH.BTA. 



EE. Pappus bristles co- 

 pious, in 2-8 

 series, sometimes 

 few in ray tls. . . 

 F. Bristles of 2 

 kinds, the inner 

 series capil- 

 lary, outer very 

 short and setu- 

 lose or squamel- 



late 37. Chrtsopsis. 



pp. Bristles mostly 



alike 



G. T h e b r i s ties 

 broad at 

 base, aris- 



tate 38. Xanthisma. 



GG. The b r i s 1 1 es 

 capillary. .. 

 H. Heads usual- 

 ly man\-fld. 

 I. .-Vkens raany- 



nerved. . . 39. Aploppapds. 

 II. Akenes few- 

 nerved. . . 40. Hazardia. 

 HH. Heads u s u- 

 ally few-fld. 



I. Bristles rudi- 



m e n t a ry. 

 shorter than 

 akene 41. Brachtch^ta. 



II. Bristles 

 longer than 



akene 42. Solidago. 



EB. Color of fls. not yellow.. . 

 c. The pappus 0, or form- 

 ing a more or less 

 conspicuous ring of 

 short bristles or 



hairs 



D. Bracts dry or scari- 

 ous at margin. ...43. Brachvcomb. 

 DD. Bracts herbaceous. ..44. Bellis. 

 CC. The pappus composed 

 of numerous bristles 

 in 1 or more series. 

 D. Involucre with outer 

 bracts partly leafy, 

 inner bracts mem- 

 braneous or scari- 



longer : pappus 



more copious. ..47. Vittadima 



EE. Bracts usually in 



several series, 



sometimes 2 series 



in Aster and Feli- 



.45. Callistephos. 



DD 



Involucral bracts all 



nearly alike 



E. Bracts in aboxit 2 



series 



p. Akenes u s u a 1 ly 



small 4G. 



FF. Akenes larger 



cia. 



p. Akenes strongly 

 compressed. . . . 

 G. Bristles in 2 

 or more se- 

 ries 48. Aster. 



(See also Callmeris and Linosyris.) 

 GG. Bristles in 1 



series 49. Felicia. 



FF. Akenes not com- 

 pressed or 



slightly 



G. 1' 1 a n t s are 



herbs 50. Sericocarpos. 



GG. Plants are 

 shrubs or sub- 

 shrubs 51. Olearia. 



cc. The pappus anomalous 

 or absent from the 



rays 



D. P a p p n s b r i s ties 

 shortly plum ose : 

 style branches 



broad 52. Charieis. 



(Consult Kaulfussia.) 



DD. Pappus bristles in 1 



series, unequal, 



rigid, thickened or 



dilated toward the 



base 53. Townsendia. 



DDD. Pappus of the ray 

 composed of very 

 short paleip : disc- 

 pappus of copious 

 slender bristles in 



1-2 series 54. IIeteropappus. 



DDDD. Pappus bristles very 

 short, usually ac- 

 companied by 2-4 

 awns not longer 

 than the akene. . ..53. Boltonia. 



0. IlELIANTHUS TRIBE. 



Subtribe I. Melampodie.e. Ravs fertile: disc 

 fls. sterile : akenes usually with coriaceous or thicker 

 pericarp : style mostly entire : receptacle chaffy 

 throughout : pappus none. 



A. Involucre of the many-fld. 

 heads broad ; inner bracts 

 concave, embracing and 

 half inclosing the thick, 

 turgid, ohovoid akenes. . .56. Poltmnia. 

 A.i. Involucre broad, of plane or 

 barely concave bracts; 

 innermost subtending ob- 

 compressed akenes, but 

 not inclosing nor em- 

 bracing them 



B. Rays, or rather their 

 ovaries and akenes. in 

 more than one series. .57. SiLPHIUM. 

 BB. Rays and akenes in a 



single series. 



c. Heads nearly discoid. 



or rays short 58. Partiienidm. 



cc. Heads conspicuously 

 radiate, mostly of 5 

 fertile and rather 

 numerous sterile fls. .59. Chrysogoncm. 



Sabtribe 2. Amehosie.e. Fertile fls. apetalous, or 

 with corolla reduced to a tube or ring around base of 

 2-parted style: disc fls. staminate, with 4-5-lobed 

 corolla : anthers slightly united : style abortive, hair.y 

 only at the somewhat enlarged and depressed summit. 



60. IVA. 



Subtribe 3. Zinxie.b. Rays fertile : the tube 

 absent or very short, persistent on akene and at 

 length papery : disc fls. fertile, subtended or embraced 

 by chaffv bracts : Ivs. opposite. 



A. Receptacle flatfish. 61. Sanvitalia. 



aa. Receptacle conical, cylindri- 



