A SYNOPSIS OF THE VEGETABLE KINGDOM. 



%X 



H Stigmas 2 

 plainly 

 arising be- 

 low the 

 apex (late- 

 ral) on the 

 a n t e r 1 or 

 portion of 

 the ovary : 

 empty 

 g 1 u m e s 

 awnless. ..5 

 an. Stigmas 2, 

 inserted at 



apex 



of 



I. Lateral 

 nerves of 

 floral 

 g 1 u m es 

 nearly 

 pa rallel, 

 not con- 

 verging.. 

 II. Lateral 

 nerve.^ of 

 the fl.- 

 g I u ra es 

 arch ed, 

 c o nverg- 

 ing above 

 t o w a rd 

 the mid- 

 vein. . . . 

 J. F I.-g 1 u m e s 

 s t r o n gly 

 keeled on 



back 5 



JJ. F l.-g 1 u m e s 

 rounded on 

 the back, 

 at least be- 



53. Panicularia. 



11. Chloeis Thibe ou Chloride.e. 



4. Each spikelet with 1 her- 

 maphrodite fl 



B. With no sterile glumes or 

 male fls., and only rare- 

 ly a short projection 

 above the hermaphro- 

 dite fl 



C. The spikelets falling off 



from the rachis entire. 56. Spartina. 

 CC. The empty glumes not 



deciduous 57. Ctnodon. 



(Consult Capriola). 

 BE. With one to several emp- 

 ty glumes above the 

 hermaphrodite fl. these 

 are often small or awn- 

 like, rarely with a male 



fl. in their axils 



c. Fl. -glumes of herma- 

 phrodite fl. with one 



awn. or awnless 58. Chloris. 



CC. Fl. -glume of hermaphro- 

 dite with 3 awns .59. Trichloris. 



AA. Each spikelet with 2-3 her- 

 maphrodite fls 



B. Spikes with terminal 



spikelets 60. Elecsine. 



BB. Spikes without terminal 

 spikelets ; the rachis 

 drawn out to a point 

 and projecting beyond 

 them 61. Dactyloctenidm. 



12. B.\nLEV Tribe or Horde.e. 



A. Spikelets solitary at the 



notches of the rachis. .. .62. LOLit'M. 

 AA. Spikelets transverse, 1. e.. 

 the sides turned toward 

 the hollowed surface of 



the rachis 



B. Fl. -glumes with a distinct 

 callus which is limited 

 by a furrow at the 

 base : falling, off at ma- 



turity, each with a sin- 

 gle grain which is 



grown to the palea 63. Agropvrdm. 



BB. Fl. -glumes without a cal- 

 lus, persistent at ma- 

 turity ; grain free 



C. Empty glumes subulate, 



1-nerved 64. Secale. 



CC. Empty glumes, ovate, 3- 



many-keeled 65. Triticdm. 



(Including Crypto- 

 pyrum). 

 AAA. Spiklets 2-0 at each joint 



of the rachis 



B. Stamens 3 in each fl 



c. The spikelets 1-fld. or 

 with a rudiment only 



of a second 66. IIordeum. 



CC. The spikelets 2-many- 



fld 



D. Empty glumes a lit- 

 tle smaller than the 



fl. -glumes 67. Elymu.s. 



DD. Empty glumes very 



small or OS. Asperella. 



13. Bamboo Tribe ok Bambuse.e. 



A. Stamens 3 ; palea 2-keeled : 



fr. a true caryopsis 



B. The spikelets with no sub- 

 tending leaf 09. Arl'XDINARIA. 



BB. The 1-2 spikelets sur- 

 rounded by a large leaf 



at their base 70. Phyllostachys. 



AA. Stamens 6 



B. Fr. a true caryopsis with 



a delicate pericarp.... 



c. Palea of the uppermost 



fl. 2-keeled 71. Bambusa. 



CC. Palea of the uppermost 



fl. not keeled 72. Thyr.sostachvs. 



BE. Fr. a nut (with a thick, 



free pericarp) 73. Dendrocalamds. 



Division 2. Flowerle.ss Plants or Crytogams; 

 those which produce spores instead of flowers and 

 seeds. By L. M. Underwood. 



[Note. — The key to the ferns and fern-like plants 

 is arranged on a slightly different basis, but its use 

 is very simple. Commencing with the paragraphs 

 numbered on the left two or three alternatives are 

 given with which the unknown plant in hand is to 

 l)e compared. If for example we have in hand a 

 fern common in cultivation with the sporangia ar- 

 ranged in a marginal line and covered by a delicate 

 membrane formed of the edge of the leaf we would 

 trace it in this way. In the paragraph numbered 1 

 our plant being "fern like with expanded foliage 

 leaves" would be sought under 2 (the reference num- 

 ber at the right). Under 2 (at the left) the plant 

 having (like all true ferns) uniform spores would he 

 referred to 3. Under 3 it would agree with the 

 second so we would pass to 5 (left). Under 5 it 

 would agree with the second so we would go on to 6. 

 From 6 we go to 7 as the plant is a terrestrial one. 

 Under 7 we would have to use our lens and we could 

 see the normal form of the sporan,cia to be like that 

 in article Fern in Cyclopedia Fi,g. 807, so we would 

 take the third option and be referred to tlie proper 

 family Polypodiace.!!. We then pass down to fam- 

 ily X and commence the same way at 1 (left side). 

 The plant having an induslum. i. e. the membranous 

 covering to the sporangia, we are referred to 14. 

 Passing down the left hand side until we reach 14 

 we find that the sori are at least twice as long as 

 wide (and in this case a good deal more), we pass on 

 to 15 in which the first statement regarding " an 

 indusium formed of the reflexed margin of the leaf" 

 fits our plant and we attain the tribe Ptcrirlew with 

 the further reference to 16. At 16 the first paragraph 

 would seem to be contradictory but there are some 

 Pteridew that exceptionally have no indusium, so we 

 have included them in the tribe. The plant agrees 

 with the second statement so we go to 19. 



Under this (with the use of the lens again) we 

 will find that our plant agrees with the third option 

 and we are referred to 25. At 25 the plant in hand 

 agrees with the second option there being " no inner 

 Indusium present." Under 26 the " larger pinnate 



