12 ACANTHUS 



fls. dull white to rose or purplish. Mostly southern 

 Europe. A. molli.i may have suggested the more conren- 

 tionalized acanthus leaf of Roman architecture. Must be 

 deeply mulched N. in winter. They need a rich, light, 

 well-drained soil and much sunshine. Excessive moisture 

 is fatal, especially in winter and spring. Fall-planted 

 stock should always be protected for the winter by long 



ACER 



(1889), The maples are among our most ornamental and 

 valuable trees for park and street planting. Nearly 

 all a.ssume a splendid color in autumn, especially the 

 species nf N. Auier. and E. Asia, which surpass by far 

 the Ein<>iM-:iii iii;iples. Many of them are valuable tim- 

 ber trr. ^. anil ^iiiiie American species, e.specially A. 

 saeelKiniiii. |>n«luce sugar. For purposes of shade, 

 the common sugar maple is best and most popular. 

 The Norway maple makes a very dense and round head, 

 and is excellent for lawns, but it is too low-headed for 

 the streets. The silver maple, A. ^nrrlnirimtm and its 

 vars., is also popular where quick-grnwinj,^ trees are de- 

 sired. The Japanese maples are among the most strik- 

 ing and showy exotic small trees, ami are adapted for 

 fine grounds and for growing in pots. Prop, by seeds 

 sown in autumn or stratihed and sown in spring. The 

 earh ripening species like 1 *!ai(ha-tniiti7i and A. ru- 

 bnou mil t If wn (<n ift* r in ttiint\ th ^ irieties 



lull 1 in uiniiHr on the 

 uni n I ni I in shrabby 



lI I , It hum md A. 



be propagited b\ la>ers or 



half ripened gieenwood cuttings m summer Fancy 



niiples are rendih winter gritted b^ tlie%eneer method. 



It 



n 1 \ 11 ti 

 (< ( II 10 " 



riif 



13. Acanthus spinosissimus. 



litter or evergreen boughs, even where established plants 



are hardy. Prop, by division in spring or early autumn, 



and by seeds. Cult, by J. B. Keller. 



A. il'.s'. spini/. 



spinoBissimus, Desf. Fig. 13. Lvs. dark green, pin- 

 nately parted; spines glistening: fls. infrequent; autumn; 

 spikes loose, pilose or glabrescent: spines of the bracts 

 recurved. 



spindsus, Linn. Lvs. lanceolate, pinnatifid, pubescent; 

 spines short, whitish: fls. smaller than in the last; sum- 

 mer ; spikes dense, slightly villous. B. M. 1808. Gn 

 8: U7. 



AA. Irvs. not sphnj. 



mdllis, Linn. Fig. 14. Lvs. 2 x 1 ft., cordate, sinuately 

 pinnatifid, mostly radical: fls. summer; spikes loose, pu- 

 bescent. Gn. 52. p. 239. — Also recommended as a window 

 plant. Var. latifdliuB, Hort.(4. ?niJWh'K.5, Hort. A.lAisi- 

 tdnicus, Hort. ) is larger and hardier. Gn. 1, p. 303. 



longifdlius, Poir. Lvs. radical, longer and narrower 

 than in A. raoi/i.s, bright green: fl.s. June. — Though said 

 to be a stove species in Eu., it is the hardiest of all at 

 Cambridge, Mass. 



A. GaroU-Alexdndri, Hausskn. 9-18 in. Lvs. few, radical, in 

 alaxrosette, lanceolate, spiny; spikedense. Grreece.— A. cardwi- 

 fdliiis, Linn.= Blepharis earduifolia.— A. ilirifdlius (Dihvaria 

 ilieifolia, Jnss.). Smooth greenhouse sub-shrub with leaves re- 

 sembling Ilex aquifolium. the Eu. Holly. Prop, by cuttings 

 under glass. E.Asia.— 4. monMnus, T. Anders. Lvs. pinnatifid 

 or sinuate-spinose. W. Afr. B.M. 5516. Stove species. 



ACEK (classical Latin name). SapindAcew. Maple. 

 Trees, rarely shrubs: lvs. opposite, long petioled, simple 

 and mostly palmately lobed, or 3-5-foliolate, deciduous: 

 fls. small, in racemes or corymbs; petals generally 5 ; 

 stamens 4-12, mostly 8 : fr. compound of two long- 

 winged nutlets called samaras. Asia, especially E. Asia, 

 N. Amer., Europe. Monograph by Pax in Engler's Bot. 

 Jahrb., 6:287, and 8:177 (1885 and 1886), suppl. in the 

 same, 16:393 (1893), and Hook. Ic. Plant. 19, t. 1897 



of maple are cult in this coun- 



( arpinifoliiim 28 Lirtinatum, 



is\(.irpuin 1 n 111 Ilium, 5; 



i nt ,tuin I ; Hel- 



I liisun( „' ItUii 



tuni, 1_, iiiaLruphjllum. 18, MonsptssuUinuia, 9; Ne- 



gundo, 31; nigrum, 4; Nikoense, 29; palmatum (poly- 



niorphum), 16; Pennsylvanicum, 27; pictum, 11; pla- 



tanoides, 13; Pseudo-platonus, 19; rubrum,2; rufiner\-e, 



26; saccliarinum, 1; saccharum, 3; spicatum, 25; Ta- 



taricum, 23; Trautvetteri, 21; truncatum, 10. 



A. Foliage of simple, mostly palmate lvs. {oceasionally 

 3-foliolate in jVo. 14) ; fls. polygamous or mon<jecioiis. 



B. Bloom, appearing long before the Irs. in dense lateral 

 clusters; li's. 5-lohed: fr. ripening in May or June. 



1. saccharinum, Linn. (A. ilasycdrpum , Ehrh. A. 

 eriociirinim. Michx.). Silver Maple. Fig. 15. Large 

 tree, 12(1 ft.: lvs. deeply 5-lobed to 5-cleft, 4-6 in. long, 

 green above, silvery white beneutli; lobes dcejily and 

 doubly serrate: fls. greenish yellow, api i.ilons: fr. pu- 

 bescent when vouiig. ¥>. X. Anier. S.S. L':!i::. (i.e. II. 

 1:137. Em. o56.-OruauieiitaI tree, with wi.le-spread- 

 ing, slender branches, growing best in rich and ii-oist 

 soil, but succeeds almost anywhere. Lvs. turn clear 

 yellow in fall. JIany garden forms; V'ar. WiSri, Schwer. 

 (var. Wiiri f'irlttiatiini . Ilort.). Branches pendulous; 

 lvs. dee|.ly .left, with dis^eete.l lol.es. A graceful Va- 

 riety, r. in.nkal.ji- t..r its .li ping l.raiH'hes and finely 



divided lolia:,'e. Var. heterophyllum, Ilort. (var. lietero- 

 phylhim l<iciiii<itiiiii . llort.l. Tpright: lvs. deeply cut 

 or lobed. Var tripartttum, Hort. Upright : lvs. 3- 

 parted. Var. lut6Bcens, Hort. Lvs. yellow, bronze-col- 

 ored when unfolding. Var. albo-variegatum, Hort. 

 (var. Jiihikei. Hort.). Lvs. s]...tti-.l with wliite or rosy 

 pink. Var. crlspum, Hort. Lvs. deeply .ut an.l .'riraped. 

 — Linna'us evidently suppt.sed this species to lie the 

 sugar maple, and named it accordingly. He did not 

 know the true sugar maple. 



2. rilbrum, Linn. Red or Scarlet Maple. Fig. 16. 

 Large tree, 120 ft.: lvs. 3-5-lobed, 3—1 in. long, green 

 above, pale or glaucous beneath ; lobes unequally and 

 crenately serrate; fls. red or scarlet, rarelv vellowish; 

 petals 5: fr. glabrous. E. N. Amer. S.S. 2:94." Em. .1,^7. 

 G.C. n. 1 :173. — Very valuable tree for street and park 

 planting; attractive at every season from its excellent 

 habit, earliness of the scarlet fls.. bright red fruits in 

 late spring, and the beautiful foliage, whi.-h turns bright 

 scarlet or orange in autumn. Var. Columnire, Rehd. 

 Of upright, columnar habit. Var. globdsum, Hort. 

 Dwarf, compact : lvs. glnuct. us beneath : fls. bright scar- 

 let. Var. Dnimmondi, S.'irg. ..1. />r»)H™.)»irfi, Hook. & 

 Arn.i. Lvs. large, mostly 3-lobed. tomentose beneath 

 fr, bright scarlet. S. states. S.S. 2:95. Var. foments 



