ADIANTUJl 



^CHMEA 



27 



(i-IL' i 



monochlimys, D. C. Eatn 



ti-ipi 



1,'Ulll 



Frnnils 



Mi-hlU 



leltoid, 

 ii-ate at 

 •a. witli 

 ■ at the 



a siii-1,. s,.nis or rarWy tw, 

 upper edge. Jap. 



;!:!. veniistum, Don. Frondn ovate-deltoid, tri-quadri- 

 pinnate, 6-12 in. long ; leaflets cuneate at the base, S^Jin. 

 wide, with the upper edge irregularly rounded or with 

 ;! indistinct lobes, finely toothed, bearing 1-3 sori in dis- 

 tinct hollows. lud. 

 BBB. Lfiiflrfs muiKtijHiiKmfftihh': froinU 4-6-)nuHat,'. 



.'14. gracillimum, llort. Fnmds I ft. or more long, 

 nearly as wide. 4-ll-piiinate, with innunieralilo very small 

 leaflets, which are }H-Uin. wide and usually hear a single 

 sorus or rarely two. — Dense, compact forms are in cult. 

 under the name of A. LeO'nindi. 



A.^AAAA. St. climbing, several ft. lotrj, S-4-pinnaie. 



I!."), digritiltum, Presl. {A. specidsiitn, Hook. A.pal- 

 ),ii)liiiii. Moore I. Fronds 2-,'i ft. long on a stalk 18 in. or 

 more long, with palmately lobed leaflets 1 in. or more 

 wide. S. Anier. L^ jj t'NDERWOOD. 



ADLUM, JOHN. Plate II. Grape experimenter, and 

 author of "Memoir on the Cultivation of the Vine," 182:! 

 and 1828, the tirst separately published American grape 

 book. Born in Y.irk, i'a., Apr. 29, 1759. Died at (feorge- 

 town, 1). <;.. Mar. 1. 183(5. He was a soldier in the Kevo- 

 lutioii. niajor in the provisional army in the administra- 

 tion of the eliler Adams, and later a brigadier-general in 

 the militia of Pennsylvania. He was also a surveyor 

 and civil'eugineer. He also held an associate judgeship 

 in Lycoming county, Pennsylvania, having been ap- 

 pointed by Gov. Miftlin. He was a friend of Priestly, and 

 endeavored to apply the scientific knowledge of his time 

 to agriculture. He early became interested in the ame- 

 lioration of the native grapes, and established an experi- 

 mental vineyard in the District of Columbia. He en- 

 deavored, but ■\\'itlioTit success, to secure the use of cer- 

 tain public land in 'Wasliiiigton for the purpose of "cul- 

 tivating an cxpcTimintal farm." He brought the Ca- 

 tawba grape to public notice. He was a pioneer in the 

 awakening industrial activity of our new country. The 

 botanist, Rafinesque, comtneinorated his name in the 

 pretty genus Adluniia ; but otherwise he has remaine<l 

 practically unknown until very recently. For further 

 information, see Bailey, "Evolution of our Native 

 l''™i's-" L. H. B. 



ADLtjMIA (frr>m.TohnA<llum). Fi(mi:ri<)eece. Ahardy 

 biennial vine, which climbs over hi gli bus! les in our moist 

 woods. S^iw sci-d in spring in a damp, i 1 place. Trans- 

 plant in fall, if possible, if transplanted at all. It flowers 

 tlie first season. 



cirrhdsa.Raf. CLisiBiNoFnaiTORV. Mountain Fringe. 

 Alleuheny Vine. Figs. 37, 38. Climbs by the slender 

 young leaf-stalks. Lvs. thrice pinnate ; leaflets cut- 

 lobed, delicate : fls. white or purplish, in ample panicles. 

 G.W.F. 13. 



ADONIS (a favorite of Venus, after his death changed 

 into a flower). Hanunculilcete. Hardy annual and per- 

 ennial herbs with showy flowers. Six well known 

 species, natives of temperate regions of Eu. and Asia. 

 Fls. solitary, terminal ; petals 5-16, yellow or red ; ear- 

 pels many: St. about 1 foot high, very leafy: lvs. alter- 

 nate, cut into very narrow divisions: fr. an akene. Cul- 

 ture easy in any good soil, light, moist earth preferred. 

 They thrive in full sun or partial shade; the perennial 

 species well suited for rockworl^, borders, etc. Annuals 

 prop, by the seeds, which are slow-genninating, sown 

 in autumn or earliest spring ; perennials by seeds or 

 r(jot divisions. 



A. Annuals: fls. crimson or scarlet. 

 B. St. simple except at top : center of fl. yellow. 



aestivilis, Linn. Pheasant's Eye. Stems erect, often 

 branched at top ; fls. crimson ; petals flat, obtuse, half 

 longer than calyx. June. Var. citrlna, Hoflm., is a 

 garden variety with citron-yellow fls. 



BB. .SV. branched: center of fl. dark. 



autumnalis, Linn. Flos Adonis. Fig. 39. St. branched : 

 fls. small, crimson, with dark center, globose ; petals 



0-8, concave, slightly larger than calyx. May-July. Gn 

 12, p. 131. — Sparingly naturalised. 



AA. Perennials : fls. yellow. 

 B. St. not branched. 

 yem&lis, Linn. {A. Apennlna, Jacq. A. Dav^rica, 

 Reichb.). Spring Adonis. St. simple: lower lvs. scale 



38. Flower of Adlumia 



Natural size. 



like, others with lobes 

 numerous, entire: fls 

 — large; petals 10-15, lan- 

 ceolate, slightly 

 toothed; sepals smooth. 

 Early .spring. Gn. 5, p. 

 519; 39:797. ^.rfi.sMrfo. 

 Tenore, from Italy ; a 

 form with later fls. 



Apennina, Linn. [A 

 vcrndlis, var. Sibirica, 

 DC. A. Sibirica, Pat- 

 rin.). This species is 

 much like A . remalis : 

 fls. larger: lower lvs. 

 sheath-like. Apr. Si- 

 beria. 



BB. St. branched. 

 PyrenMca, DC. St 

 branched: petals 8-10, 

 obtuse, smaller than in 

 A. i'ernalis: lower lvs. 

 with long branched pe- 

 tioles ; upper ones ses- 

 sile. the numerous lobes 

 always entire. July.Gn. 

 39, p. 2G9. A. Irciitidna, 

 DC., a form with some 

 radical leaves ; lobes 

 dentate. 



Volgtasis, Stev. (A 

 U'olyensis. Hort.) 



Much like A. remalis, but st. branched: lvs. scale-like 

 at base, petioled or sessile above: fls. like .4. Pyrenaica, 

 but sepals pubescent on under side. Apr. Volga region 

 .1. Amurhi^is, Kegel & Radde, a beautiful species, with broad 

 yellow fls. : not mucli cult, in Amer. : has many Japanese varie- 

 ties. B.M.7490. G.M.40: 169. Gn.52: IVib.—A.microcarpa. DC.is 

 a pale-flowered variation of A. aestivalis. — A.panyiflhra, Fiseh. 

 Allied to A. a<stivaHs. .. _, ^ 



K. C. Davis. 



.£CHM£A (from aiclime, point; referring to the rigid 

 points on the calyx). Bromelidcew. The J'^chmeas are 

 closely allied to the Billbergias, from which they are dis- 

 tinguished by smaller flowers, which are little exserted 

 from the calyx and not widely expanding, short fllaments 

 and small anthers, sharp-pointed sepals and conspicuous 

 sharp-pointed flower-bracts. They are epiphytic herbs, 

 of about ()0 species, natives of Trop. S. Amer. Flower- 

 cluster arising from a cluster or rosette of long, hard 

 leaves, which are usually serrate ; petals 3, tongue- 

 shaped, obtuse or pointed, 2-3 times the length of the 

 spine-pointed calyx-lobes ; stamens 6, shorter than the 



