90 



ARAUCARIA 



ARCHOXTOPHCEXIX 



133. Araucaria Bidwillii (X %). 



150 ft., and is known as Bunga-liunga. R.H. 1897, p. 

 500. G.C. III. 15: 465, showing the pineapple-like cone. 

 — One of the be.st and handsomest species for pots. 



Brazili&na, A. Rich. Branches verticillate, somewhat 

 inclined, raised at the ends, tending to disappear below 

 as the plant grows : 

 Its. alternate, oblong- 

 lanceolate, .somewhat 

 decnrrent, much atten- 

 uated and very sharp- 

 pointed, deep green, 

 loosely imbricated : 

 cone large and nearly 

 globular. S. Braz., 

 reaching a height of 

 100 ft. F.S. 21: 2202. 

 A. ^lf(/ans, Hort. , is 

 a form with very 

 numerous branches 

 and more crowded 

 and often glaucous 

 Ivs. Var. Bidolfi&na, 

 Gord., is a more robust 

 form, with larger and 

 longer Its. 



imbricita, PaT. 

 Monkey Puzzle. 

 Branches generally in 

 5's, at first horizontal, 

 with upward-curving 

 (sometimes downward - 

 curving) tips, but fi- 

 nally becoming much 

 deflexed, the If. -shin- 

 gled branchlets in opposite pairs : Its. imbricated and 

 persisting, even on the trunk, ovate-lanceolate, very 

 stiff and leathery and sharp-pointed, an inch long and 

 lialf as wide, bright green on both sides : cone G-8 

 in. in diam. Western slope of the Andes in Chile, 

 reaching a height of 100 ft. F.S. 15: 1577-80. R.H. 

 1893, p. 153; 1897, pp.271, 319. Gt. 44:115. G.C. III. 

 21: 288 ; 24: 1.54. -Hardy in the S. This is the species 

 which is grown in the open in England and Ireland. 



L. H. B. 

 ARAfrjIA iii trpated under Physianthus. 



Arboriculture. The culture of trees, it is a 



generic term, covering the whole subject of the plant- 

 ing and care of trees. More specific terms are sylvicnl- 

 ture, the planting of woods ; orchartl-fiillure, the plant- 

 ing of orchards or fruit trees. 



Arbutus (ancient Latin name). Erichcro'. Trees or 

 shrubs : branches smooth and usually red : Its. ever- 

 green, alternate, petiolate : lis. monopetalous, ovate or 

 globular, white to red, about Xin. long, in terminal 

 panicles : fr. a globose, many-seeded berry, granulose 

 outside, mostly edible. About 10 species in W. N. Amer., 

 Mediterranean reg., W. Eu., Canary Isl. Ornamental 

 trees, with usually smooth red bark and lustrous eTer- 

 green foliage, of great decorative value for parks and 

 gardens in warm-temperate regions ; especially beautiful 

 when adorned with the clusters of white fls. or bright 

 red berries. They grow best in well-drained soil in some- 

 what sheltered positions not exposed to dry winds. Very 

 handsome greenhouse shrubs, thriving well in a sandy 

 compost of peat and leaf soil or light loam. Prop, by 

 seeds sown in early spring or in fall, or by cuttings from 

 mature wood in fall, placed in sandy peat soil under 

 glass ; they root but slowly. Increased also by budding 

 or grafting, usually veneer-grafting, if seedlings of one 

 of the species can be had for stock. Layers usually 

 take two years to root. 



A. Panicles short, ywddhif/ : Jrs. usually serrate. 



Unedo, Linn. Strawberry Teee. From 8-15 ft.: 

 Ivs. cuneate, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 2-3 in. long, 

 glabrous, green beneath : fis. white or red, ovate : fr. 

 scarlet, warty, %in. broad. Sept. -Dec. S. Eu., Ireland. 

 L.B.C. 2:123. Var. integferrima, Sims. Lvs. entire. 

 B.M. 2319. Var. rtbra. Ait., and var. Crobmi, Hort. 



(Gn. 33, p. 320), have red fls. — Very beautiful in autumn, 

 when the tree bears its large, scarlet fruits and at the 

 same time its white or rosy fls. 



AA. Panicles erect ; lvs. usually entire. 



M6nziesi, Pursh. Madrona. Occasionally 100ft. high: 

 trunk with dark reddish brown bark : Its. rounded or 

 slightly cordate at the base, oval or oblong, 3-4 in. long, 

 glabroxis, glaucous beneath : fls. white, in 5-6 in. long 

 panicles : fr. bright orange-red, J-ain. long. Spring. 

 W. N. Amer. B.R. 21:1753, as A. prdcera, Dougl. 

 S.S. 5:231. P.M. 2:147. G. P. 3:515 ; 5, 151. Mn.3:85. 

 -The hardiest and probably the handsomest species 

 of the genus ; it stands many degrees of frost. 



Ariz6nica, Sarg. (A. Xalaphisis, var. Ariz6nica, 

 Gray). Tree, 40-50 ft.: trunk with light gray or nearly 

 white bark : lvs. usually cuneate at the base, oblong- 

 lanceolate, 1/-3-3 in. long, glabrous, pale beneath : fls. 

 white, in loose, broad panicles 2-3 in. long : fr. globose 

 or oblong, dark orange-red. Spring. Ariz. G.F. 4:318. 

 S.S. 5: 233. — The contrast between the white bark of the 

 trunk, the red branches, and the pale green foliage 

 makes a very pleasant effect : fr. and fls. are also very 

 decorative. 



A. Andrdchne, Linn. From 10-30 ft.; lvs. oval-oblong, usu- 

 ally entire, yellowish green beneath : fis. yellowish white: fr. 

 bvight red. Greece, Orient, B.M. 2024. 'B.R.2:113.— A. andrach- 

 noldes. Link (A. Andrachne X Unedo. A. hybrida, Ker. A. 

 sernitifolia, Lodd.). Lvs. serrate: panicles drooping; fls. 

 white. B.R.8:619. L.B.C.6;580.— J.. Canariensis, Lindl. Height 

 10-30 ft. ; lvs. oblong-lanceolate, serrate, gLaucous beneath : 

 panicles erect ; fls. greenish white. Canary Isl. B.M. 1577.— 

 A. densifldra, HBK. Height 20 ft.; lvs. oblong or ovate, ser- 

 rate, downy beneath ; fls. white. Mex.— A. hybrida, Ker. = A. 

 arachnoides. — A. laurifolia, Hook. ^ A. Menziesi. — A. laurifb- 

 lia, Lindl.= A. Xalapensis.— A. mdllis, HBK. Shrub or small 

 tree : lvs. oblong, serrate, pubescent beneath ; fls. white, often 

 tinged greenish red. Mex. B.M. 4595.— A. jJiBsa, G-rah.= Per- 

 nettya pilosa.— A. prdcera, Dougl. =A. Menziesi.— A. serratifb- 

 lia, Lodd., not Salisb.= A. andrachnoides.- A. Texdna, Buckl. 

 = A. Xalapensis.— A. tomentbsa, Piirsh.= Aretostaphylos to- 

 mentosa. — A. Vva-Vrsi, Linn. ^Aretostaphylos Uva-tlrsi.— A. 

 Jaict/irams.HBK. (A. laurifolia, Lindl.). Height 10-20 ft. : lvs. 

 oval or ovate-lanceolate, entire or erenately serrate, glabrous 

 or downy beneath : fls. reddish : corolla abruptly contracted 

 above the middle. Mex., Tex. S.S. 5:232. B.R. 25:67. 



Alfred Rehder. 



Arbutus, trailing. See jspigcva. 



ARCHANGfiLICA (Greek, chief angel, from fancied 

 meiliciTi;d virturs). Umbelliferw. A few strong-smell- 

 ing coarsi' bertts closely allied to Angelica, but differing 

 in technical characters a.ssociated with the oil-tubes in 

 the fruit. 



officinEllis, Hoffm. A European and Asian biennial or 

 perennial, known also as Angelica Archamjelica. Stout 

 herb, with ternately decompound lvs. and large umbels 

 of small fls. The stems and ribs of the lvs. were once 

 blanched and eaten, after the manner of celery, and 

 they are still used in the making of sweetmeats. Little 

 known in this country, although it is offered by Ameri- 

 can dealers. Its chief value to us is its large foliage. 

 Seeds may be sown in the fall as soon as ripe, or the 

 following spring. 



ARCHONTOPH(ENIX (Greek, majestic phwnix). Pal- 

 mdciii , trilii- .1 riri-ir. Tall, spineless palms, with stout, 

 solitary, riiiu'r.l caudices : lvs. terminal, equally pin- 

 natisect ; sei^rucnts linear-lanceolate, acuminate or bi- 

 dentate at the apex, the margins recurved at the base, 

 sparsely scaly beneath, the midnerves rather promi- 

 nent, nerves slender ; racbis convex on the back, the 

 upper surface strongly keeled ; petiole channelled 

 above, sparsely tomentose : sheath long, cylindrical, 

 deeply fissured ; spadices short-peduncled, with slen- 

 der, flexuose, glabrous, pendent branches and branch- 

 lets : spathes 2, entire, long, compressed, deciduous : 

 bracts crescent-shaped, adoate to the spadix ; bractlets 

 persistent ; fls. rather large : fr. small, globose-ellip- 

 soidal. Species, 2. Austral. They are beautiful palms, 

 requiring a temperate house. Prop, by seeds. The 

 Seaforthia elegans of gardeners belongs here. For cult., 

 see Palms. 



