BULBS 



GENERA, ETC. HARDINESS. DORMANT. 



, (Astilbe) • H Oct. to April 



Sprekelia *t§ T Sept. to April 



Sternbergia II H Aug. to Oct. 



Tecophylea* H.H Aug. to Oct. 



Tigvidia '( T Oct. to April 



Trillium II H Oct. to March 



Triteleia t h.h Oct. to April 



Tritonia* h.h Aug. to Nov. 



Tritoma II H Oct. to April 



Tropaeolum. Tuberous *1I H.H Aug. to Dec. 



Tuberoses § T Nov. to May 



Tulip* t H Aug. to Nov. 



Tydasa * t T Oct . to April 



Urceolina t T Oct. to April 



Vallota t T Oct. to April 



Watsonia *3 h.h Sept. to Dec. 



Zephyranthes * ? h.h Aug. to April 



Peter Henderson & Co. 



BULBtNE (Greek, bolbos, a bulb). Lilidcea;. Half- 

 hardy African plants, of several species, allied to Antheri- 

 cum, but i^rai-tically unknown in thi.s country. Some of 

 the species are bulbous, and require the general treat- 

 ment ;^'iven Cape bulbs (see Bulbs). 



BULBINfLLA. See CJiri/sobactron. 



BULBOCODIUM (Greek, woolly bulb). LilicLcea. A 

 halt dozen low. crocus-like bulbous plants of the Medi- 

 terranean region and eastward, some spring-flowering 

 and others auturan-tlowering. The spring-flowering spe- 

 cies, B. vernnm, is the only one in our gardens. It 

 i.s hardy, and demands the same soil and location as 

 crocuses. 



y^nmm, Linn. Fig. 291. Blooms in earliest spring, 



before the Ivs. appear, the fls. resting nearly on the 



ground : fls. rosy purple, white-spotted on the interior, 



1-3 from each bulb: Ivs. 



broad and channelled. 



mj^ ^ B M. 153 (cf. Fig. 291). 



BWr ^ F S. 11 : 1149.- Bulbs 



9/ J^ should be taken up and 



/ ^r divided every 2 or 3 



fj^ years. Plant in the fall. 



ft Usually blooms in ad- 



' ^ vance of the crocus. 



L. H. B. 



r^T^miW laa wwsta-rr- BULBOPJIfLLUM 



i!s^\ ,'sm kspwjstT' ((Treek. h,ilh-leaf). 



(I rliidi'ii ,,v, tribe Epi- 



I i,h;„. .Mmuv species 



t tr<ip. ttrcliids, mostly 



^^ _ t the Old World, more 



.^..^^^^^^BSl^HBiliWllJIjli^^J (^ ^^^ than ornamental. 



\ ery few are known to 



cultivators. They are 



plants with a stout, 



•^^iK*?ess!»HBfl6Has ip^ty — "^^^ cieepingrhizome, small 



"V/^^^^^^wUSi \cr°^2^ P'^^^'J"''""'*' bearing 



y.^ .«SsS8?°s»SM- V s> ^>*^ one or two stiff Ivs. : lip 



^- jomted, moving when 



/ J ' V".'"' touched, sometimes 



J y hairy: fls. in racemes 



' / I i J i\ V "'' SP"^^'^' "'' solitary. 



I \ \ \\ \ Require warm temper- 



291. Bulbocodium vernum. ^ture and much water. 



Do not dry them off. 

 They thrive on blocks or trunks of ferns. B. B/ccari, 

 Reichb. f., is one of the largest of orchids, its rhizomes 

 twining about trees, and its fls. emitting the vilest con- 

 ceivable odor; see G.C. IL 11: 41, and 14: 326, 525; 

 B.M. 6567. 



L6bbii, Lindl. Leaf solitary, broadly lance-elliptic : 

 scape 1-fld., arising from the side of the pseudobulb, 

 shorter than the If.: fls. large and spreading (2 in. 

 across) ; sepals lanceolate and acuminate, yellow, more or 

 less marked with purple; petals smaller, streaked purple; 

 lip cordate-ovate, yellow and orange-dotted, not bearded. 

 Java. B.M. 4532. — Flowers in early summer. Once cata- 

 logued by Pitcher & Manda. 



BULL, EPHRAIM W. The introducer of the Concord 

 grape lived a long, quiet, and useful life in Concord, 



BUPHANE 



195 



Mass., where he died Sept. 27, 1895, in his ninetieth year. 

 In commercial importance, the greatest event in the early 

 history of American grapes was the introduction, early 

 in the fifties, of this variety of the northern fox-grape. 

 The first fruit of this grape was obtained in 1849. Its 

 exact origin is obscure. In 184:0, Mr. Bull bought the 

 house in which he lived until his death. That year some 

 boys brought from the river some wild grapes, and 

 scattered them about the place. A seedling appeared 

 from which Mr. Bull obtained a bunch of fruits in 1843. 

 He planted seeds of this bunch, and a resulting plaut 

 fruited in 1849. This variety was named the Concord. 

 It soon became the dominant grape in all eastern 

 America, as it was the first variety of sufficient hardi- 

 ness to carry the culture of thn vino into every garden 

 in the land. It is a prc^ni;ml tyiir. ;nii! luis given rise to 

 no less than fifty hoTHnaMr s.r.ilitms. which range in 

 color from greenish wliiTc tn iiuri-lr-lihick. The quality 

 of the fruit is rxi-cUcl l)\ many varieties, but the latter 

 usually demMii'l hkt-' r.ir.lul cultivation. The Concord 

 is the one most iiii|M.it;Hii type of American grape, and 

 the really successful commercial viticulture of the coun- 

 try dates from its dissemination ; and yet this grape is 

 a pure native fox -grape, and evidently only twice removed 

 from the wild vine. 



Ephraim W. Bull was loved of his neighbors and hon- 

 ored by every countrjTiian who grows or eats a grape. 

 He made very little money from his variety, and died in 

 extreme poverty. The original vine is still preserved. 

 It is a spnmt from the old root. l^ g^ -q 



BULLAGE, A small wild or half-domesticated plum, 

 standing midway between the cultivated European sorts 

 {Pntnus domestica ) and the wild sloe {P. tipinosa). This 

 plum is usuallv referred to P. iii.fitifkf. but it is so closely 

 related to the Damsmis .-ts to lir I.rst .-hissified with them. 

 The Bullace wouM tlnn (;ikr iIm- bot;nii<-al name of the 

 Damsons, P. <{"iiifsfii-<i . v;ii-. l><i in(i.-<crnu (see Bot. Gaz. 

 27:481). This plum is ruthrr common in parts of Eu- 

 rope, but is very seldom seen in America. 



F. A. Waugh. 



BUH£LIA (ancient Greek name for an ash-tree). 



Sapotdce{e. Small trees or shrubs, usually spiny, with 

 rather small, entire, deciduous or persistent Ivs. and 

 small white fls. in axillary clusters: fr. an oblong black 

 drupe. About 20 species from S. N. America to Brazil. 

 None of them is of much horticultural value, but as 

 they grow naturally, mostly on dry, rocky or sandy soil, 

 they may be used sometimes with advantage for plant- 

 ing in similar situations. Prop, by seeds. 



lanugrindsa, Pers. Tree, sometimes 50 ft. : Ivs. oblong- 

 obovate or cuneate-obovate, rounded and often apiculate 

 at the apex, dark green and lustrous above, tomentose 

 beneath, sometimes nearly glabrous at length, 1-2H in. 

 long: clusters many-fid.; pedicels slender hairy: fr. 

 oblong or obovate, Kin. long. S.S. 5:247. S. states 

 north to S. Illinois, west to Texas. — This species and B. 

 lycioldes, Pers., are the hardiest. They have proved 

 hardy in very sheltered positions even in Massachu- 

 setts ; besides these, B. angtisfi folia, Nutt., and B. 

 tinax, Willd., are the most common species in the S. 

 states. B. Pdtmeri, Rose, from Mex., is illustrated in 

 G.F. 7:190. Alfred Rehder. 



BUPHANE (Greek, cattle-destroyer, alluding to poi- 

 sonous properties). Amart/lliddcece. Two or three South 

 African bulbs, practically unknown in this country. 

 They are large plants, with many red fls. in an umbel. 

 Perianth tubular, segments equal and narrow, spread- 

 ing : stamens 6. exserted : Ivs. long and sword-like, 

 thick. See Baker, Amaryllidese. 



disticha, Herb. {B. toxicHria, Herb., Hcemdnthus 

 foxicdriits. Thunb.). Bulb, 6-9 in. in diam.: Ivs. sev- 

 eral, distichous, 1-2 ft. long : peduncle or scape stout 

 (6-12 in. high) and solid, compressed, glaucous, bearing 

 a dense umbel. B.M. 1217. — Sparingly offered in this 

 country. Lvs. said to be very poisonous to cattle in 

 S. Afr. ; bulb furnishes arrow poison for the natives. 



Another species is B. cilidris. Herb., with fewer,, 

 shorter lvs., and shorter peduncle, bearing 50-100 fls. 

 Not known to be in the Amer. trade. l H. B. 



