964 



MACODES 



MA(3NOLIA 



MACODES (from makos, length; on account of the 

 long labellum). Orchiddcece. Contains but 2 or ;{ spe- 

 cies of the habit of Anoectochilus, which see for culture. 

 Sepals and narrower petals spreading: labellum ventri- 

 cose, with 2 small lateral lobes and 2 calli inside, 

 turned to one side; column short, twisted in the oppo- 

 site direction, with 2 narrow, erect appendages. Ter- 

 restrial herbs, with few variegated petioled Ivs. at the 

 base, and small fis. borne in a long raceme. 



P6tola, Lindl. {AnactocJt'iliis \'eitchiAniis, Hort.). 

 Fls. greenish, inconspicuous; Its. ovate, 2-3 in. long, 

 reticulated with golden yellow veins. Java. R.B 21:01. 

 Heinkich Ha.sselbking. 



MACEOCHOKDIUM strictum, Beer, once advertised 

 by Pitcher & Manda, is referred byMez to ^chmea bro- 

 meli<ef<,liit. Balier. See p. 28, Vol. I. It is Bromelia 

 meldii'intlia. Ker-Gawl, B. R. 9:766. The species is 

 characterized by white-scurfy Ivs., simple dense, woolly 

 spikes overtopping the foliage : fls. with yellowish green 

 calyx and small exserted purple-black petals. S. Amer. 



MACEOSCfiPIS (Greek, macros, long; skepo, to 

 covi'il. AsilrpiddAcete. A genus of about 8 species of 

 tall. tro[)ic;il American climbers, of which M, elliptica, 

 Hort. .Sander, was int. in 1899. Sander & Co. describe 

 it as "a new climbing stove-plant, with elliptic, light 

 green leaves, whichj together with the stems, are densely 

 covered with soft, felt-like, yellow-brown hairs. The fls. 

 are in clusters, each flower about 1 in. in diam., resem- 

 bling in shape those of £foiyM caj-HOsn, and borne in simi- 

 lar bunches ; they are of a soft, velvety, rich brown color. 

 Every part of the plant, when bruised or pressed, is 

 strongly odorous." 



Generic characters are; Ivs. opposite, large, cordate; 

 cymes crowded ; fls. white; calyx about 5-parted; corolla 

 tube thick; limb spreading; scales of the crown 5, in- 

 flexed under the throat of the fleshy corolla. 



MACEOTOMIA. Consult Arnebia. 



MACEOZAMIA (Greek, long Zamia). CyeadAcete. 

 About .5-7 Australian cycads, which, like most of the 

 members of this order, make noble foliage plants for 

 private conservatories. They have the trunk and Ivs. 

 of Cycas, except that the pinnse have no midrib but are 

 more or less distinctly striate, especially on the under 

 side, with several parallel equal veins, the whole leaf 

 occasionally twisted in some species, but not constantly 

 so in any one. 



The genus is more nearly allied to Dioon and En- 

 cephalarto.s, from which it is distinguished by the fol- 

 lowing characters; Ivs. pinnate; scales of the female 

 cones peltate, the shield thickened, ascending, usually 

 produced into an erect, acuminate blade. Botanically 

 the group is very imperfectly understood. The writer 

 has followed Bentham's account in Flora Australiensis 

 6:250 (187.-!). 



Macrozamias are representative rather than useful 

 subjects, and not frequently seen. They combine poorly 

 in any scheme of plant a!id flower decoration; but as 

 single specimens, they always attract attention, and in 

 a grouping of similar subjects, or with aloes, agave and 

 yuccas they make an effective combination. Their cul- 

 ture is easy. Sandy soil, with charcoal to keep the soil 

 sweet, ordinary greenhouse temperature, plenty of wa- 

 ter during the growing season, which corresponds to 

 our summer, and rest in winter, are the essentials. 



At present Af. npirafis is the only name in American 

 trade catalogues, but the other kinds were offered in 1893 

 and 1895 by John Saul, and Pitcher & Manda. 



A. Pinnce very narrow, often nearly terete: cones smalt, 



rarely aboi'e 4 in.: fr. very woolly. 

 Paulo- Guili^lmi, Hill & M\ie\\.{M.plum6sa,A. Mohr. ). 

 Trunk short; Ivs. 1-3 ft. long. R.H. 1877, p. 254. 



AA. Pinnce flat, inserted on the margins of the rachis, 

 contracted at the base: cones 4-10 in., glabrous. 



B. Rachis of Ivs. usually raised longitudinally between 



the pinnce: cone scales much flattened, 



spiriliB, Miq. Trunk short: Ivs. 2-4 ft. long: insertion 



of the pinniB mostly longitudinal: points of the scales 



usually short. G.C. III. \'i:li. — M,cyliiidrica, C.Moore, 



is a distinct species according to Inclex Kewensis, but 

 Beutham considered it a doubtful vat-iety of M, spiralis, 

 being smaller, with the narrow foliage nearly of M. 

 Paiilo-Gidlielmi, but with a glabrous trunk and more 

 terete rachis. 



BB. Rachis of Ivs, very flat between the pinnce and often 

 broad: cone scales very thick. 

 Miqu«lii,DC. Cult, abroad. John Saul advertised 3/. 

 Macgiii, presumably a typographical error either for 

 M. Migiielii or else M. Macleayi, Miq,, which = J/. 

 spiralis. 



AAA. Pinnae inserted by their broad base along the cen- 

 ter of the upper surface of the rachis, scarcely 

 .separated by a very narrow line: cones large^ 

 pitbrscent, the scale points broad and often 



nrurved. 



Peroffsky&na, Miq. {M. Perowskidna, P. Muell.). 

 Largest ami most distinct : trunk 18-20 ft. high : Ivs. 

 7-12 ft. long. T, 0, Hatfield and W. M. 



MADDER. The root of i?»&m finctorum. 



MADEIRA VINE is Boussingaulfia. 



MADIA {Madi, the Chilean name of the common spe- 

 cies). Comp6sita\ Nine species of yellow-tiii. herbs 

 confined to the western part of the American continent. 

 Their fls. are remarkable for closing in the sunshine, 

 and opening in the morning or evening. They are all 

 called Tarvveeds from their glandular, viscid, beavity- 

 sceuted foliage, the common Tarweed of Calif, h^iug 

 var. congesfa of M. sativa, which is a useful annual 

 plant for sheep pastures 

 in dry, warm soil, M. ele- 

 gans is an ornamental an- 

 nual which every one 

 should try. It has a grace- 

 ful open habit (see Fig. 

 1343) and distinctfls. (Fig. 

 1344), which become more 

 numerous as the summer 

 advances. The nearest 

 genus of garden value is 

 Layia, from which Madia 

 is distinguished by the 

 following characters: in- 

 volucre deeply sulcate, 

 bracts strongly involving 

 the akenes of the rays: 

 akenes of the disk fertile 

 or sterile. 



A. Rays showy. 

 B. Plant annual: Ivs. 

 chiefly alternate : 

 pappus none. 



61egan8, D. Don. Figs. 

 1343-4. Height 1-2 ft.: 

 Ivs. linear or lanceolate, 

 mostly entire: raysacutely 1344. Madia elegans. 



3-lobe(I, yellow throughout Natural size. 



or with a brown spot at 



the base. Ore. to Nev. B. M. 3548. B. R. 17:1458.- 

 Needs a shady place. 



BB. Plant perennial: Ivs. mostly opposite: pappus 

 present in disk fls. 



Nuttallii, Gray. Height 1-2 ft. : Ivs. linear-lanceolate, 

 sometimes dentate. Woods, B.C. to Monterev, Calif. 

 -Adv. 1881 by E. Gillett. Procurable from Californian 

 collectors. 



AA. Rays incon.vpicuoHS, about 3 lines long. 

 satlva, Molina. Height 1-3 ft.: Ivs. from broadly lan- 

 ceolate to linear: rays5-12. Ore., Calif., Chile, w. M. 



HAGNOLIA (after Pierre Magnol. professor of medi- 

 cine and director cf the botanic garden at Montpellier, 

 1638-1715). Magnolidcece. Highly ornamental and 

 popular deciduous or evergreen trees or shrubs, with 

 alternate large, entire leaves and large white, pink or 

 purple, rarely yellowish flowers, often fragrant; the 



