PEDICULARIS 



commonly tufted, ^-IK ft. high: 

 Ivs. mostly alternate, pinnately 

 parted, all but the uppermost peti- 

 oled: fls. yellow or reddish, rarely 

 white. April-June. Dry woods and 

 thickets, Nova Scotia to Manitoba; 

 south, Fla. to N. Mex. B.B. 3:186. 

 B.M. 2506. W. M. 



PEDILANTHUS(«7(oc-«oj(Tr). £?(- 

 phorbtilvtir. Mostly small succulent 

 shr\ibs, having the characters of Eu- 

 phorbia, except that the involucre 

 is irregular and enlarged into a short 

 spur on the upper side. About l."i 

 species in tropical America. They 

 are easily grown with the iieshy Eu- 

 phorbias in sandy loam, well drained 

 and manured. Propagated by cut- 

 ting dried at the base, then inserted in 

 occasionally moistened sand. 



tithymaloides, Poit. Bird Cactus. 

 Jew Bush. Stem 4-(i ft. high, green : 

 Ivs. lanceolate, 1-3 in. long, dark 

 green : involucres bright red , pointed . 

 declined, J^-% in. long, in terminal 

 cymes : stamen and style long ex- 

 serted. West Indies. B R. 

 10:837. L.B.C. 8:727 (Ai( 

 phorhia canaliculata). B M 

 2514 [Euphorhia carinata ) 



P. Tndcropus, Benth., witli 

 ■whitish stems and mi nut 

 leaves, from Calif., is oeeasicu 

 ally cultivated. 



J. B. S. Norton 



PEEN-TO, or Flat Peach 

 of the South is Prnnns Pa-^i 

 See Peach and Prunus 



PEEPUL TREE. Fieus rehgwut 



PEIKfiSKIA. See Peie'.kia 



PELARGdNIUM {stn>k because 

 the fruit is long and slender like a 

 stork's bill). GeraiiUn i i CtERA 

 NIUM of gardens. Pi.lab( onium 

 The person who wishes to studj the 

 contemporaneous evolution of plants 

 may find his heart's desiie m Pelar 

 gonium. With great numbers ot spe 

 cies and many of them vaiiible and 

 confusing in a wild state with pHnt 

 breeding in many places and con 

 tinned through two centuries, and 

 with a large special hteipture, the 

 genus offers exceptional advantages 

 and perplexities to the student Most 

 of the species are South African, 

 whence they early came into culti 

 vation by the English and Dutch 

 P. ciiciillaliim, the dominant parent 

 in the florist's Pelargoniums, was 

 known in England as early as 1690. 

 The two originals of the race of zonal 

 or bedding Geraniums were intro- 

 duced into England in 1710 and 1714. 

 Early in that century, a half dozen 

 spei'ies were grown at Eltham, in the famous gar- 

 den of James Sherard, and these were pictured in 

 1732 in Dillenius' account of that garden, "Hortus 

 Elthamensis," a sumptuously illustrated work in quarto. 

 Even at that time, P. inquinans had varied markedly 

 (see Pig. 1698). In his "Species Plantarum," 1753, 

 Linnaeus described the few species which he knew 

 (about 25) under the genus Geranium. In 1787, L'Herit- 

 ier founded the genus Pelargonium, and transferred 

 many of the Linnsean species. L'Heritier's work "Gera- 

 niologia,"aquarto, appeared in Paris in 1787 to 1788, with 

 44 full-page plates. Early in the nineteenth century, many 

 species were in cultivation in Europe, and experiments 

 in hybridizing and breeding became common. There 



PELARGONIUM 



1257 



bin^ui.flore^ cmctneo Pein. 



1698. PelarEonium inquinans (and a variety of it) as fiEured by Dillenius in 1732. 

 One-half size of the original plate 



seems to have been"something like a Geranium craze. 

 The experiments seem to have been confined chiefly to 

 the development of the show or fancy Pelargoniums, as 

 greenhouse subjects. The Geranium interest seems to 

 have culminated in Robert Sweet's noble work on "Gera- 

 niacejp," published in five volumes in London, 1820 to 

 1830, containing 500 well - executed colored plates of 

 geraniaceous plants. At that time many distinct garden 

 hybrids were in cultivation, and to these Sweet gave 

 Latin botanical names. His fifth volume is devoted 

 chiefly to garden forms of the show Pelargonium type, 

 to which the name P. domesticum is given in the follow- 

 ing sketch. The development of the zonal or bedding 

 Geraniums had begun in Sweet's time, and he includes 



