GALIUM 



aro used to lighten the ell'ect of bouquets of other fis., 

 notably sweet peas, \v'hich can hardly be arranged with 

 theirown foliage, and which in large masses are inclined 

 to look heavy and lumpy. Gypsophilas, which are used 

 for the same purpose, bloom later. They have an equal 

 infinity of detail, which baffles the eye to comprehend. 

 The botanist's analysis of all this misty delicacy and 

 airy grace is "fls. in axillary and ti-rrninal, trichotoraous 

 cymes and panicles. " He also declares that the Ivs. are 

 really opposite, the intervening members of the whorls 

 being stipules. Pig. 890. Galiums are annual or peren- 

 nial herbs, with 4-angled, slender stems and smail, 

 white, green, yellow orpurple tls. ; corolla wheel-shaped, 

 4-lobed; stamens 4: styles 2. The following are peren- 

 nials from creeping rootstocks, with white fls. in termi- 

 nal i»anicles. 



A. Lvs. in 4^s ; fruit hairy. 



boreile, Linn. Height }4-l}4 ft.: stem rather firm, 



erect and slightly branched: lvs. lanceolate or linear, 



:^-ribbed, scarcely rough at the edges, often 1 in. long: 



petals with very short, incurved points. Native. 



AA. Zvs. in S's or B's : fr. smooth or slightly grnnulated. 

 MoUiigo, Linn. Stem 1-3 ft. long, more or less 

 branched: lvs. obovate to oblong or linear, more or less 

 rough at edges, always terminated by a little point: pet- 

 als abruptly narrowed intoa relatively long point. — This 

 is known in some places as "Baby's Breath," although 

 that name is also given to Gypsophilas (which see). 

 Eu. Perennial. 



GALPHlMIA (anagram of Malpighia). ilalpighict- 

 cc'cp, an order of almost no horticultural value. This ge- 

 nus includes a yellow-fld. shrub cult, in the extreme 

 South, and valued for the e.xceptional length of its flow- 

 ering season. The genus has a dozen or less species, 

 mostly Mexican. Shrubs or subshrubs: lvs. op- 

 posite, slightly glaucous on both sides or be- 

 neath, entire or obscurely toothed, glandular at 

 the margin or base of blade or at the tip of the 

 )eaf-stalk: racemes terminal: fls. yellow or red- 

 dish. G. nitida, probably a recent species, is 

 cult, by E N. Reasoner. Three or four other 

 kinds are rarely cult, under glass abroad. 



GALTdNIA (after Francis Galton, the dis- 

 tinguished anthropological writer). Giant Sum- 

 mer Hyacinth. One of the few Cape bulbs that 

 are practically hardy. This fine plant grows 3-.5 

 ft. high and produces racemes 9-12 in. long of 

 white, funnel-shaped, pendulous fls. in July or 

 later. The plants should be heavily mulched if 

 leftoutdoors where winters are severe. In favored 

 localities the bulbs may be left for several years 

 with increasingly better results. Largo clumps 

 are desirable.. They have been suggested for 

 cemetery planting. The genus differs from hya- 

 cinths mainly by its more numerous and flat- 

 tened seeds. The other 2 

 species are inferior to the 

 following, which was in- 

 troduced by Leichtlin in 

 the early seventies, and 

 now holds a permanent 

 place in horticulture. The 

 plants prefer a rich, open, 

 moist soil. Liliacece. 



c^ndicans, Decne. (//i/- 

 acinthiis cand icii ii s , 

 Baker). Pig. 891. Bulb 

 large, round, coated : lvs. 

 lorate -lanceolate, 2}i ft. 

 long: scape often 4 ft. 

 high: racemes ]2-20-fld.: 

 fls. fragrant P.S. 21:2173 

 G.C. 1871:380: 1872:1099 

 and H. 15:273. R.H. 1882, 

 p. 32. P.O. 3:101. A. G. 

 17:281. w. M. 



625 



GAM6LEPIS (Greek for 



referring to 



GAMBOGE. 



GarciKu,. 



See under 



the involucre). Compdsita. About a dozen S. African 

 herbs or small shrubs, somewhat allied botanically to 

 Chrysanthemum. Lvs. alternate and mostly 

 pinnatisect: peduncles l-headed,the heads bear- 

 ing 1 series of yellow, pistillate rays, the disk fls. 

 perfect: akenes without pappus, wingless and 

 glabrous. 



Annua, Less. (G. Ta^Tf (cs, DC). Pig.892. An- 

 nual, of wiry growth, a foot or less high, very 

 floriferous: lvs. pinnate or pinnately parted, 5-7 

 lobes or leaflets on either side of the rachis and 

 the leaflets entire or lobed : involucre nearly or 

 quite urn-shaped, the scales joined more than 

 half their length: fl. -heads bright yellow or 

 orange, % in. across. -Hardy or half-hardy. Of 

 easiest culture from seeds in sunny places, and 

 most excellent for ribbon borders and for low 

 mass effects. Continuous bloomer. l_ jj^ b_ 



GAKCfNlA (L. Garcin, who lived and collected 

 in India, and wrote in the eighteenth century). 

 Guttifera. This genus includes the Mangosieen, 

 which is declared by some connoisseurs to be one 

 of the rarest and most luscious of all tropical 

 fruits; also the Gamboge Tree, whose resinous 

 .iuice yields a well-known pigment and purgative. 

 The Mangosteen is cultivated in the West Indies; 

 the Gamboge Tree is also cult, in S. Pla. It is a 

 broad-leaved tree of slow growth. The Mango- 

 steen is about the size and shiipe of an orange, 

 with rind considerably 

 thicker, and edible seg- 

 ments of form and ar- 

 rangement like those of 

 an orange. It is bril- 

 liantly colored outside 

 with rich purple. The 

 persistent stigmas and 

 calyx lithes are seen in 

 Fig. 893. The flavor is 

 said to suggest some- 

 thing between a grape 

 and a peach. Number- 

 less efforts are said to 

 have been made to nat- 

 uralize this tree in the 

 tropics without success. 

 The successful ripening 

 of this fruit under glass 



